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ArticleActa parasitologica2026

Entomological Surveillance and Arbovirus Screening in Mosquitoes from Central Morocco: First Detection of West Nile Virus in Culex pipiens from the Marrakech-Safi Region.

Abdelkrim Outammassine, Mattia Calzolari, Mohamed Daoudi, Paolo Bonilauri, Annalisa Grisendi, Samia Boussaa, Michele Dottori, Said Zouhair, Souad Loqman

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Article in Acta parasitologica, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

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0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Abdelkrim OutammassineLaboratoire de Lutte contre les Maladies Infectieuses, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Cadi Ayyad, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco. abdelkrim.outammassine@gmail.com.
Mattia CalzolariIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna "Bruno Ubertini", 42124, Brescia, Italy.
Mohamed DaoudiInfectious Diseases and Immunity in Global Heath Program, Research Institute of the, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, QC, Canada.
Paolo BonilauriIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna "Bruno Ubertini", 42124, Brescia, Italy.
Annalisa GrisendiIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna "Bruno Ubertini", 42124, Brescia, Italy.
Samia BoussaaHigher Institute of Nursing and Technical Health Occupations (ISPITS), Ministry of Health, 10000, Rabat, Morocco.
Michele DottoriIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna "Bruno Ubertini", 42124, Brescia, Italy.
Said ZouhairLaboratoire de Lutte contre les Maladies Infectieuses, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Cadi Ayyad, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco.
Souad LoqmanLaboratoire de Lutte contre les Maladies Infectieuses, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Cadi Ayyad, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeSurveillance of arboviral vectors and screening for probable infection is very important for the planning of vector control programs, especially in countries where these activities are just beginning. In the present study, we conducted mosquito surveillance at 26 locations predicted to be at risk (according to our recently published study using Machine learning) in the Marrakech-Safi region of central Morocco.

methodsThe field studies were conducted for six consecutive months, from April to October, in 2019 and 2021. Two different methods were used to collect adult mosquitoes, human landing catches (by mouth aspirator), and CDC miniature light traps; larvae and pupae were collected using dippers.

resultsA total of 1907 mosquitoes were collected, belonging to 15 species across five genera (Aedes, Culex, Culiseta, Anopheles, and Coquillettidia). Out of the 1907 mosquitoes that were sampled, 53.7% (1025/1907) were in the larval stage, 42.8% (818/1907) were adults, and the remaining 3.3% (64/1907) were pupae. Among the collected and identified adults, the females represented 96.6% and blood-fed females accounted for 55.9%. The adult mosquitoes were screened for five arboviruses: dengue virus (DENV), chikungunya virus (CHIKV), Zika virus (ZIKV), Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), and West Nile virus (WNV) by using RT-qPCR, and a pool of Cx. pipiens from Tabia (Station 14) was positive for WNV.

conclusionThis is the first detection of WNV in Cx. pipiens or any other mosquito species from central Morocco. The detection of several vectors within the region suggests a risk for arboviral transmission in central Morocco and appeals for entomological vigilance and the urgent need to undertake and enhance periodic surveillance campaigns in the region.

Indexed as

ArbovirusesCulexMosquito VectorsWest Nile virusAnimalsFemaleHumansLarvaMaleMoroccoPupaWest Nile FeverAedesArbovirusCulexEntomological surveillanceMonitoringMosquitoRT-qPCRWNV

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.