ArticleAesthetic plastic surgery2026
Quantitative Analysis of Age-Related Changes in the Lower Face.
Article in Aesthetic plastic surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLower facial aging is a dynamic process involving aging in the skin, fat compartments, and bony structures. Adopting appropriate methods to evaluate facial aging is important to clinical decision making. The aim of this study was to develop a method for evaluating lower facial aging pattern and to characterize age-related changes in the aging trajectory of the lower face using a combination of quantitative parameters.
methodsA total of 200 subjects were stratified by age and sex into 10 subgroups for analysis. Lower facial aging features were evaluated using a comprehensive approach that included the Jowl Appearance Scale (JAS) for the jowl area; quantitative measurements for the marionette lines (marionette line length, maximum color depth, and marionette line angle between the horizontal axis); and the prejowl sulcus appearance scale for the prejowl sulcus triangle.
resultsThe JAS, the marionette lines grading scale, the marionette line length, the maximum color depth of marionette line, the marionette line angle, and the prejowl sulcus scale increased significantly with age for both male and female study populations. The correlation coefficients between age and the evaluated features were as follows: JAS (0.84), marionette line grading scale (0.81), marionette line length (0.86), maximum color depth (0.88), marionette line angle (0.90), and prejowl sulcus appearance scale (0.86).
conclusionsThe findings demonstrate a progressive pattern of lower facial aging that is effectively captured by the combination of quantitative parameters and the newly established prejowl sulcus appearance scale. This methodology provides a practical tool for developing personalized treatment strategies and facilitating timely interventions. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE V: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
Indexed as
Identifiers
42283744What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.