ArticleThe Laryngoscope2026
Rare But Risky: Clinical Impacts of Pneumothorax After Thyroidectomy and Parathyroidectomy.
Article in The Laryngoscope, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectivePostoperative pneumothorax (PPTX) after thyroidectomy (TD) or parathyroidectomy (PT) is rare and primarily described in case reports with limited data on its prognostic significance in large populations. We aim to assess the incidence of PPTX and its association with clinical outcomes following TD or PT.
methodsWe queried the TriNetX United States Research Network, identifying patients ≥ 18 years of age who underwent open TD or PT between January 2000 and December 2025. Patients were separated by development of PTX within 7 days postoperatively. Outcomes were assessed at 3 and 6 months using odds ratios (ORs) and at 1 year using hazard ratios (HRs), with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The primary outcome was all-cause mortality; secondary outcomes included risks for pneumonia, dysphagia, vocal cord paralysis, and need for mechanical ventilation as well as healthcare utilization rates.
resultsAmong 228,340 patients undergoing surgery, 237 (0.10%) developed PPTX. At 1 year, PPTX was associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR 16.44, 95% CI 11.16-24.23), pneumonia (HR 6.14, 95% CI 3.48-10.83), dysphagia (HR 4.86, 95% CI 3.23-7.33), vocal cord paralysis (HR 5.19, 95% CI 3.31-8.15), and need for mechanical ventilation (HR 18.13, 95% CI 10.89-30.17). PPTX was also associated with higher rates of hospital readmission (HR 15.12, 95% CI 11.97-19.10) and emergency room visits (HR 2.09, 95% CI 1.33-2.28) (all p < 0.01). All outcomes were also significant at 3 and 6 months after surgery.
conclusionPPTX after TD or PT is exceedingly uncommon but associated with significantly worse mortality and morbidity. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3:
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