Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42282742›Full record

ArticlebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology2026

Unraveling the Mechanism of HIV-1 Hypersusceptibility to Tenofovir Imparted by Islatravir Resistance Mutations.

Shreya M Ravichandran, Alexa A Snyder, Katelyn H Kim, Isabella L Kaufman, Xin Wen, Eleftherios Michailidis, Karen A Kirby, Stefan G Sarafianos

Abstract readPreprint
In one paragraph

Article in bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Shreya M RavichandranCenter for ViroScience and Cure, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322.ORCID 0009-0007-4960-3194
Alexa A SnyderCenter for ViroScience and Cure, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322.ORCID 0000-0001-9326-343X
Katelyn H KimCenter for ViroScience and Cure, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322.ORCID 0009-0006-9201-403X
Isabella L KaufmanCenter for ViroScience and Cure, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322.ORCID 0009-0005-8360-4102
Xin WenCenter for ViroScience and Cure, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322.ORCID 0000-0003-4762-7567
Eleftherios MichailidisCenter for ViroScience and Cure, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322.ORCID 0000-0002-9907-4346
Karen A KirbyCenter for ViroScience and Cure, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322.ORCID 0000-0003-2468-4796
Stefan G SarafianosCenter for ViroScience and Cure, Laboratory of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322.ORCID 0000-0002-5840-154X

Funding

Implementing a Maternal health and PRegnancy Outcomes Vision for Everyone (IMPROVE)UL1TR002378 · NCATS · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI Andres J Garcia, Elizabeth O. Ofili · 2017 to 2026
$92.1M
Virology and Molecular Biomarkers CoreP30AI050409 · NIAID · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI Ann M Chahroudi, Colleen F Kelley · 2002 to 2026
$74.0M
X-ray Scattering Technology CoreP30GM133893 · NIGMS · BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOC-BROOKHAVEN LAB · PI Vivian Stojanoff · 2019 to 2026
$38.6M
User Training and OutreachP30GM124169 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIF-LAWRENC BERKELEY LAB · PI Gregory L Hura · 2017 to 2026
$28.6M
Atlanta Clinical and Translational Science Institute (ACTSI) RenewalUL1TR000454 · NCATS · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI STEPHENS, DAVID S · 2012 to 2016
$25.8M
Ultrapotent Inhibitors of Wild-type and Multi-drug Resistant HIVR37AI076119 · NIAID · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI Stefan G Sarafianos · 2020 to 2026
$3.6M
Training Program in Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular BiologyT32GM135060 · NIGMS · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI Lawrence H. Boise, ANITA H. CORBETT · 2020 to 2026
$2.8M
Mechanisms of HIV-1 Hypersensitivity to IslatravirF31AI172618 · NIAID · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI SNYDER, ALEXA ANNE · 2022 to 2025
$193k
Novel Antivirals Targeting Lenacapavir-Resistant HIVF31AI194923 · NIAID · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI Shreya Meenakshi Ravichandran · 2025 to 2026
$100k
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000454NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002378NIAID NIH HHS F31 AI172618NIAID NIH HHS F31 AI194923NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI050409NIAID NIH HHS R37 AI076119NIGMS NIH HHS P30 GM124169NIGMS NIH HHS P30 GM133893NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM135060
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In response to the newly approved antiretroviral therapy (ART) islatravir (ISL), the M184V and A114S resistance mutations have emerged in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase (HIV-1 RT). These mutations markedly hypersensitize RT to the globally administered ART tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF). We have solved six structures - four by X-ray crystallography and two by cryo-EM - that capture the single- and double-mutant RTs during inhibitor incorporation and demonstrate the role of the mutations in altering protein-antiviral interactions. These snapshots reveal that the smaller, more flexible TDF diphosphate (TDF-DP) can better accommodate mutation-induced active site changes than ISL triphosphate (ISL-TP). Structural differences between the two inhibitors are consistent with biochemical determination of inhibitory constants (

Indexed as

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)antiretroviral therapy (ART)human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)hypersusceptibilityislatravirresistancereverse transcriptasetenofovir

Identifiers

PMID42282742
PMCPMC13252389

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.