Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42281988›Full record

ArticleResearch square2026

Whole-body tomographic fluorescence lifetime imaging of PD-L1 expression.

Rahul Pal, Murali Krishnamoorthy, Satoru Morita, Atsuyo Morita, Asemare M Taddese, Hajime Taniguchi, Xin Liu, Dan G Duda, Anand T N Kumar

Abstract readPreprint
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Research square, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Rahul PalDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Murali KrishnamoorthyDepartment of Medical Sciences & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu-600036, India.
Satoru MoritaEdwin. L. Steele Laboratories for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Atsuyo MoritaEdwin. L. Steele Laboratories for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Asemare M TaddeseDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Hajime TaniguchiEdwin. L. Steele Laboratories for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Xin LiuEdwin. L. Steele Laboratories for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Dan G DudaEdwin. L. Steele Laboratories for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Anand T N KumarDepartment of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

Funding

Multiplexed time domain fluorescence tomography of tumor biomarkers during immunotherapyR01CA260857 · NCI · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI Dan Gabriel Duda, Anand T.N. Kumar · 2021 to 2026
$2.7M
Developing a library of near-infrared fluorophores for multiplexed in vivo fluorescence lifetime imaging of disease biomarkers.K01EB037630 · NIBIB · MASSACHUSETTS EYE AND EAR INFIRMARY · PI Rahul Pal · 2025 to 2026
$339k
NCI NIH HHS R01 CA260857NIBIB NIH HHS K01 EB037630
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Noninvasive quantification of immune markers such as programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) remains a major challenge because conventional molecular imaging methods cannot readily distinguish target-bound from nonspecifically retained probes within the tumor microenvironment. Here, we establish a framework for noninvasive quantification of PD-L1 expression in deep-seated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using asymptotic time-domain (ATD) fluorescence lifetime tomography.

Identifiers

PMID42281988
PMCPMC13252575

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.