ReviewNeuro-oncology advances2026
Noninvasive enrichment of circulating tumor biomarkers in a mouse model of diffuse midline glioma using focused ultrasound.
Review in Neuro-oncology advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Focused ultrasound for brain metastases.Neuro-oncology advances · 2026Review
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7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Diagnosing diffuse midline glioma (DMG) through invasive tissue biopsies is challenging due to the tumor's eloquent location at the pons. Liquid biopsies offer a promising noninvasive alternative; however, their limited detection sensitivity and lack of information on the source of biomarkers pose great challenges. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and safety of using focused ultrasound (FUS) with microbubbles to enrich circulating DMG tumor biomarkers in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) using a mouse model. Methods: Murine DMG cells, transfected with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) and firefly luciferase (Fluc) genes, were orthotopically injected into the mouse brain. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to guide FUS targeting of the DMG tumor. Droplet digital PCR assays were developed to detect circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and RNA (ctRNA) of EGFP and Fluc in blood and CSF samples collected after FUS. Results: FUS enhanced the plasma levels of EGFP ctRNA by 5.4-fold ( Conclusions: This study demonstrated the feasibility and safety of FUS in enriching tumor biomarkers in blood and CSF in a mouse model of DMG. The enrichment ratio on circulating biomarkers is dependent on the source (plasma vs. CSF), analyte type (ctDNA vs. ctRNA), and individual marker (EGFP vs. Fluc). These findings support the potential future application of FUS to advance the diagnosis of DMG through liquid biopsy.
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