Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42281277›Full record

ArticleRheumatology (Oxford, England)2026

Scleroderma calcinosis cutis score (SC2S): an imaging metric to quantify SSc-calcinosis cutis.

Ian D Odell, Crystal Cheung, Megan Wu, Stephanie Perez, Agrani Dixit, Cassandra van Horn, Muhammad Hamdan, Ilayda Gunes, Sophia Kujawski, Hyojeong Lee and 7 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Rheumatology (Oxford, England), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Ian D OdellDepartment of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Crystal CheungDepartment of Internal Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Megan WuDepartment of Internal Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Stephanie PerezDepartment of Internal Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Agrani DixitDepartment of Internal Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Cassandra van HornDepartment of Internal Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Muhammad HamdanDepartment of Internal Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Ilayda GunesDepartment of Internal Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Sophia KujawskiDepartment of Internal Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Hyojeong LeeDepartment of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Annie WangDepartment of Radiology & Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Denise EssermanDepartment of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.
Michael ZamaniIndependent Statistician, Washington, DC, USA.
Francis Perry WilsonDepartment of Internal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Accelerator, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
John OnofreyDepartment of Biomedical Informatics and Data Science, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Xenophon PapademetrisDepartment of Biomedical Informatics and Data Science, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Monique HinchcliffDepartment of Internal Medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Allergy & Immunology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8652-9890

Funding

Pathogenic Wnt-beta catenin target genes in macrophages and fibrosisR01AR073270 · NIAMS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI HINCHCLIFF, MONIQUE EVANGELINE · 2019 to 2023
$2.6M
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Signaling in Fibrotic Skin DiseaseK08AR077689 · NIAMS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI ODELL, IAN D · 2021 to 2025
$861k
Validating Novel Outcomes to Enable Systemic Sclerosis Calcinosis Cutis Clinical TrialsR01AR085316 · NIAMS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI MONIQUE Evangeline HINCHCLIFF · 2025 to 2026
$487k
Interrogation of T cell Bystander Activation in SclerodermaR03AR083454 · NIAMS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI ODELL, IAN D · 2024 to 2024
$147k
Kadmon Pharmaceuticals, and receives support from Boehringer Ingelheim and AstraZeneca for investigator-initiated projectsNIAMS NIH HHS K08 AR077689NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR073270NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR085316NIAMS NIH HHS R03 AR083454NIH HHS R01 AR085316
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesCalcinosis cutis (CC) is disabling for SSc patients, and quantitative outcomes and treatments are needed. We performed computer-assisted mapping of CC lesions on CT exams and quantified CC during sodium thiosulphate (STS) treatment.

methodsIn a pilot study, SSc-CC patients underwent CT imaging of a painful lesion followed by 6-12 month 25% STS, intradermal monthly injections or twice daily cream, treatment. Post-treatment CT exams were obtained, and three assessors used open-source software (BioImageSuite/BIS Web) to map and quantify CC volume, termed scleroderma calcinosis cutis score (SC2S). Results were compared with the Scleroderma Clinical Trials Consortium Radiologic Scoring System for Hand Calcinosis as appropriate.

resultsFive women with SSc-CC involving the arm, ischial tuberosities, hands (two patients) and patellae, received topical (n = 2) or intradermal (n = 3) STS. Lesion mapping with BIS Web showed high inter-rater agreement between independent assessors (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.93). SC2S revealed 75% and 10% reductions in left and right buttock, respectively; 28% reduction in arm; 18% increase in left forefinger; 27% increase in right hand and 12% reduction in left, and 4% increase in right, patellae, respectively. CC volume differences on repeated measures 1-week apart were ≤3%. Mapping time ranged from <30 min for arm and buttock to >4 h for finger/hand and patellae.

conclusionSC2S may be a highly reproducible, broadly applicable, quantitative outcome that is sensitive to CC change. SC2S highlights the variable response of SSc-CC to STS treatment. Future work to automate CC mapping will reduce lesion mapping time.

Indexed as

Calcinosis CutisScleroderma, SystemicAgedFemaleHumansMiddle AgedPilot ProjectsSeverity of Illness IndexThiosulfatesTomography, X-Ray ComputedTreatment Outcomesodium thiosulfateThiosulfatescalcified tissuecomputer-assisted image interpretationCT scanningoutcome measuresscleroderma and related disorders

Identifiers

PMID42281277
PMCPMC13290485

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.