Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42281131›Full record

ArticleSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Non-Linear Pressure Sensitivity of Standard Telecommunication Cables.

Abdulfatah A G Abushagur, Mohd Ridzuan Mokhtar, Noor Shafikah Md Rodzi, Siti Azlida Ibrahim, Khazaimatol Shima Subari, Zulkifli Mahmud, Hairul Azhar Abdul Rashid, Andre Franzen, Zulfadzli Yusoff

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Abdulfatah A G AbushagurCentre of Fibre Networking and Communication, COE for Intelligent Network, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya 63100, Selangor, Malaysia.
Mohd Ridzuan MokhtarCentre of Fibre Networking and Communication, COE for Intelligent Network, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya 63100, Selangor, Malaysia.
Noor Shafikah Md RodziCentre of Fibre Networking and Communication, COE for Intelligent Network, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya 63100, Selangor, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0003-1682-3389
Siti Azlida IbrahimCentre of Fibre Networking and Communication, COE for Intelligent Network, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya 63100, Selangor, Malaysia.
Khazaimatol Shima SubariFaculty of Artificial Intelligence and Engineering, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya 63100, Selangor, Malaysia.
Zulkifli MahmudCentre of Fibre Networking and Communication, COE for Intelligent Network, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya 63100, Selangor, Malaysia.
Hairul Azhar Abdul RashidCentre of Fibre Networking and Communication, COE for Intelligent Network, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya 63100, Selangor, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0001-6093-6124
Andre FranzenPetronas Research Centre SDN BHD, Kawasan Institusi Bangi, Jalan Ayer Hitam, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia.
Zulfadzli YusoffCentre of Fibre Networking and Communication, COE for Intelligent Network, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya 63100, Selangor, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0003-0764-5007

Funding

Ministry of Higher Education FRGS/1/2021/TK0/MMU/01/2Multimedia University MMUI/240045Multimedia University MMUI/250021Petronas Research Center SDN BHD MMUE/220016Telekom Malaysia Berhad (Malaysia) MMUE/220018
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The utilization of existing telecommunication infrastructure for environmental monitoring via opportunistic sensing is rapidly advancing the field of distributed fiber optic sensing (DFOS). However, while custom-engineered sensing cables are highly characterized for hydrostatic pressure, the complex mechanical response of standard armored telecommunication networks remains largely unquantified. This study experimentally investigates the non-linear distributed pressure sensitivity of three commercial telecommunication cables (Anti-Rodent, Duct, and Microcable) across a hydrostatic pressure range of 0 to 800 PSI. Measurements were conducted using Tunable Wavelength Coherent Optical Time Domain Reflectometry (TW-COTDR) with a 20 cm spatial resolution, utilizing a stepped depressurization protocol with 15-min stabilization holds to isolate true steady-state longitudinal strain. The results reveal that protective cable armoring induces severe mechanical non-linearity. The rigid Glass Reinforced Plastic (GRP) rods of the Anti-Rodent cable acted as a structural vault at low pressures before yielding to become highly sensitive above 400 PSI. Conversely, the corrugated steel tape of the Duct cable exhibited high initial sensitivity followed by mechanical stiffening, while the unarmored Microcable maintained a linear response. These findings establish that a single linear calibration coefficient is invalid for heavily armored infrastructure, highlighting the critical need for structural characterization prior to opportunistic field deployments.

Indexed as

distributed pressure sensingopportunistic sensingstrain transfertelecommunication cablesTW-COTDR

Identifiers

PMID42281131
PMCPMC13258872

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.