Observational studyNutrients2026
Social and Behavioral Correlates of Self-Perceived Psychological Distress in Celiac Disease During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Study (COVIMPACT).
Observational study in Nutrients, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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10 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundCeliac disease (CeD) requires lifelong adherence to a strict gluten-free (GF) diet. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the prevailing clinical assumption was that food supply disruptions and dietary management difficulties would be the primary sources of patient distress. This exploratory cross-sectional study directly tested this assumption in an Italian CeD cohort.
methodsCOVIMPACT is an exploratory observational, web-based study conducted in Italy (data collected: July-September 2024; participants retrospectively reported their experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic period 2020-2022). Participants with a confirmed CeD diagnosis were recruited through patient associations and online networks. A structured 26-item questionnaire addressed socio-demographic, nutritional, psychological, and healthcare-access domains. Descriptive statistics, chi-square bivariate analyses (Cramér's V as effect size), and binary logistic regression were performed using R (v4.1) and Python.
resultsAmong 118 participants (78% female; median age 36 years; IQR 12-42), 27% reported self-perceived psychological distress. Against expectation, difficulties in accessing GF products and changes in gluten consumption showed no clear associations with distress. Instead, social exclusion showed the strongest association (Firth OR = 5.55, 95% CI: 1.80-17.09,
conclusionsThese preliminary findings suggest that social exclusion and physical inactivity may be more strongly associated with self-perceived distress than dietary challenges in contexts where GF food access is structurally protected. Results are exploratory, hypothesis-generating, and should not be generalised beyond this selected Italian cohort.
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