Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42279963›Full record

ArticleMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Robust, Thermo-Malleable, and Closed-Loop Recyclable Mulberry Paper/Polyimine Composite Films Enabled by Dynamic Covalent Interpenetrating Networks.

Yisheng Liao, Yongguang Huang, Peipei Cheng, Hao Huang, Ling Liang, Lin Fan, Hongfang Lai, Guocui Qi, Dexiu Min, Xiaodong Li and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Yisheng LiaoGuangxi Key Laboratory of Sericulture Ecology and Intelligent Technology Application, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Sericulture and Silk, Guangxi Colleges Universities Key Laboratory of Exploitation and Utilization of Microbial and Botanical Resources, School of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Hechi University, Hechi 546300, China.
Yongguang HuangGuangxi Key Laboratory of Sericulture Ecology and Intelligent Technology Application, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Sericulture and Silk, Guangxi Colleges Universities Key Laboratory of Exploitation and Utilization of Microbial and Botanical Resources, School of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Hechi University, Hechi 546300, China.
Peipei ChengGuangxi Key Laboratory of Sericulture Ecology and Intelligent Technology Application, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Sericulture and Silk, Guangxi Colleges Universities Key Laboratory of Exploitation and Utilization of Microbial and Botanical Resources, School of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Hechi University, Hechi 546300, China.
Hao HuangGuangxi Key Laboratory of Sericulture Ecology and Intelligent Technology Application, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Sericulture and Silk, Guangxi Colleges Universities Key Laboratory of Exploitation and Utilization of Microbial and Botanical Resources, School of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Hechi University, Hechi 546300, China.
Ling LiangGuangxi Key Laboratory of Sericulture Ecology and Intelligent Technology Application, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Sericulture and Silk, Guangxi Colleges Universities Key Laboratory of Exploitation and Utilization of Microbial and Botanical Resources, School of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Hechi University, Hechi 546300, China.
Lin FanSchool of Teacher Education, Hechi University, Hechi 546300, China.
Hongfang LaiGuangxi Key Laboratory of Sericulture Ecology and Intelligent Technology Application, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Sericulture and Silk, Guangxi Colleges Universities Key Laboratory of Exploitation and Utilization of Microbial and Botanical Resources, School of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Hechi University, Hechi 546300, China.
Guocui QiGuangxi Key Laboratory of Sericulture Ecology and Intelligent Technology Application, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Sericulture and Silk, Guangxi Colleges Universities Key Laboratory of Exploitation and Utilization of Microbial and Botanical Resources, School of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Hechi University, Hechi 546300, China.
Dexiu MinShandong Xingang Co., Ltd., Linyi 276000, China.
Xiaodong LiGuangxi Key Laboratory of Sericulture Ecology and Intelligent Technology Application, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Sericulture and Silk, Guangxi Colleges Universities Key Laboratory of Exploitation and Utilization of Microbial and Botanical Resources, School of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Hechi University, Hechi 546300, China.ORCID 0000-0002-0443-7715
Chengyu WangKey Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
Feng LiuGuangxi Key Laboratory of Sericulture Ecology and Intelligent Technology Application, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Sericulture and Silk, Guangxi Colleges Universities Key Laboratory of Exploitation and Utilization of Microbial and Botanical Resources, School of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Hechi University, Hechi 546300, China.ORCID 0000-0002-8365-4231

Funding

Hechi University 202510605024
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The persistence of petrochemical plastics necessitates high-performance and recyclable alternatives, yet balancing mechanical robustness with component-level closed-loop recovery remains challenging for biomass-based plastic-replacement films. Here, a high-performance, thermo-malleable, and closed-loop recyclable composite film is constructed by integrating a highly crystalline enzyme-treated mulberry paper (Enzyme-MP) fiber network with an in situ formed polyimine (PI) vitrimer network via capillary-assisted infiltration. This process induces densification and extensive interfacial hydrogen bonding, forming a confined interpenetrating architecture that enhances stress transfer and restricts chain mobility. As a result, the composite film achieves a tensile strength of 70.3 MPa and a Young's modulus of 2.37 GPa, together with excellent thermomechanical stability over a broad temperature range. The dynamic imine exchange enables thermo-malleability, allowing seamless self-welding and thickness-scalable lamination at 120 °C. The dense structure also acts as an effective barrier, reducing water uptake to 14.3% and providing resistance to various organic solvents. Furthermore, full-component closed-loop recycling is realized via room-temperature transimination, enabling selective depolymerization of the matrix while preserving the crystalline cellulose fiber network. This work demonstrates a viable strategy to integrate high-strength film performance, processability, and chemical recyclability in biomass-based composite films, while providing a basis for future cradle-to-cradle material circulation in recyclable plastic-replacement films.

Indexed as

closed-loop recyclingcomposite filmsdynamic covalent networksmulberry paperpolyimine vitrimerthermo-malleability

Identifiers

PMID42279963
PMCPMC13258326

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.