Toothbrush Resistance of Resin-Based Stain and Glaze Materials Applied to 3D-Printed Denture Resins.

Panisa Homyai, Ting-Chia Liu, Princy Thakkar, Chin-Chuan Fu, Nathaniel C Lawson, Rama Kiran Chavali

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed

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1 · What the graph read from it

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Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Panisa HomyaiDepartment of Restorative Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.

Ting-Chia LiuDepartment of Clinical and Community Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.ORCID 0009-0003-1737-3954

Princy ThakkarDepartment of Clinical and Community Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.

Chin-Chuan FuDepartment of Restorative Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.

Nathaniel C LawsonDepartment of Clinical and Community Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9684-2015

Rama Kiran ChavaliDepartment of Restorative Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Three-dimensional (3D)-printed dentures are often fabricated from a single tooth-colored resin and externally characterized using stains and glaze coatings to enhance gingival esthetics and surface properties. However, routine toothbrushing may degrade these coatings, potentially affecting surface gloss and roughness. This study evaluated the effects of stain timing and glaze application on the gloss and surface roughness of a 3D-printed denture resin following simulated toothbrushing. Eighty disc-shaped specimens (12 mm × 3 mm) were fabricated and assigned to two staining systems (OPTIGLAZE Color and Palette 2.0), with subgroups based on stain timing (before or after post-curing) and glaze application (with or without glaze) (

Indexed as

3D printingdenture base resinsurface glazesurface glosstoothbrushing abrasion

Identifiers

PMID42279844

DOI10.3390/ma19112190

PMCPMC13258366

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.