Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42278893›Full record

ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2026

Breast Implants: Biomaterials, Surfaces, Biocompatibility-A Biomedical Engineering Perspective.

Angelika Auguścik, Julia Lisoń-Kubica, Karolina Wilk, Anna Taratuta, Gabriela Wielgus, Julia Kolasa, Agata Piątek, Inga Szotowska, Magdalena Antonowicz-Hüpsch, Barbara Rynkus

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Angelika AuguścikDepartment of Biomaterials and Medical Devices Engineering, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Roosevelta 40 Street, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland.ORCID 0009-0008-3222-0688
Julia Lisoń-KubicaDepartment of Biomaterials and Medical Devices Engineering, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Roosevelta 40 Street, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-0821-1756
Karolina WilkDepartment of Biomaterials and Medical Devices Engineering, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Roosevelta 40 Street, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-2545-9339
Anna TaratutaDepartment of Biomaterials and Medical Devices Engineering, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Roosevelta 40 Street, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-5775-1388
Gabriela WielgusDepartment of Biomaterials and Medical Devices Engineering, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Roosevelta 40 Street, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland.ORCID 0009-0001-5180-5269
Julia KolasaDepartment of Biomaterials and Medical Devices Engineering, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Roosevelta 40 Street, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland.ORCID 0009-0008-2017-4098
Agata PiątekDepartment of Biomaterials and Medical Devices Engineering, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Roosevelta 40 Street, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland.ORCID 0009-0004-3903-0191
Inga SzotowskaSKN SYNERGIA, Department of Biomaterials and Medical Devices Engineering, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Roosevelta 40 Street, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland.
Magdalena Antonowicz-HüpschDepartment of Biomaterials and Medical Devices Engineering, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Roosevelta 40 Street, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland.ORCID 0000-0001-5755-490X
Barbara RynkusDepartment of Biomaterials and Medical Devices Engineering, Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Roosevelta 40 Street, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-2378-8844

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Breast implants are among the most frequently used long-term implantable medical devices in aesthetic and reconstructive surgery. In addition to correcting anatomical deficits, they have significant psychosocial effects, influencing body image, self-esteem, and quality of life, particularly in patients undergoing postmastectomy reconstruction. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the historical development, biological interactions, material characteristics, and clinical outcomes of breast implants. Early reconstructive attempts using foreign materials and injectable substances were associated with severe complications, underscoring the need for safer technologies. The introduction of silicone gel implants in the 1960s marked a pivotal advancement, followed by the development of saline-filled devices and highly cohesive silicone gels with enhanced mechanical stability. Key surgical considerations, including incision type and implant placement plane (subglandular, submuscular, dual-plane, and subfascial), are discussed in relation to aesthetic outcomes and complication risk. Emphasis is placed on the implant-tissue interface and the foreign body response (FBR), a process involving protein adsorption, immune cell activation, fibrous capsule formation, and potential chronic inflammation. Persistent inflammatory stimulation, often associated with bacterial biofilm formation, contributes to capsular contracture, the most common long-term complication. Additional adverse events include implant rupture, silicone gel bleed, granulomatous reactions, infection, hematoma, implant malposition, and rare but clinically significant conditions such as breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL). The review also summarizes implant classification according to construction, filling material, shape, and surface topography, highlighting the influence of surface characteristics on host response and clinical outcomes. Advances in biomaterials, cohesive gel formulations, and surface engineering aim to enhance biocompatibility and long-term safety, supported by standardized mechanical and biological testing protocols.

Indexed as

aesthetic surgerybiomaterialsbreast implantsmodifications

Identifiers

PMID42278893
PMCPMC13257246

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.