Physiological Responses of Fishes to Nutrition Management and Environmental Stresses.

The goal of this Special Issue was to collect the latest research results on the topics of (1) the physiological response of fish to various stressful situations and nutritional changes, (2) the replacement of fish meal and fish oil with sustainable, alternative protein and lipid sources in fish feeds, and (3) supplementing fish feeds with various additives in order to enhance the immune response and increase the stress and disease resistance of fish reared in intensive systems. These topics are very important for the development of a more effective and sustainable intensive aquaculture, as fish farming systems are becoming more intensive and industrialized, which results in a more stressful environment for farmed fish. Another important challenge is providing enough high-quality fish feed to fulfill the increasing demand of intensive aquaculture. There are 14 original research articles published in this Special Issue. The authors come from a wide array of countries, and they worked with a wide variety of freshwater and marine fish species, which are important for intensive aquaculture. These articles represent only a modest contribution to the overall literature of stress and nutritional physiology of farmed fish. However, each of these papers contain interesting new information regarding the solution of the two major problems of intensifying aquaculture: environmental stresses and nutrition management.