Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42277936›Full record

ArticleAntimicrobial resistance and infection control2026

Hand hygiene opportunities and consumption of alcohol-based handrub across nursing homes of canton of Vaud, Switzerland.

Emmanouil Glampedakis, Coralie Riccio, Firmino Battistella, Patricia Cuiña Iglesias, Francisco-Javier Garcia Sanchez, Marie-Catherine Snoussi, Béatrix Sobgoui, Marie Immaculée Nahimana Tessemo

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Article in Antimicrobial resistance and infection control, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Emmanouil Glampedakis *Cantonal Infection Prevention and Control Unit, Cantonal Doctor Office, Public Health Department of Canton of Vaud, Avenue de la Gare 43, 1003, Lausanne, Switzerland. emmanouil.glampedakis@vd.ch.
Coralie Riccio *Cantonal Infection Prevention and Control Unit, Cantonal Doctor Office, Public Health Department of Canton of Vaud, Avenue de la Gare 43, 1003, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Firmino BattistellaCantonal Infection Prevention and Control Unit, Cantonal Doctor Office, Public Health Department of Canton of Vaud, Avenue de la Gare 43, 1003, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Patricia Cuiña IglesiasCantonal Infection Prevention and Control Unit, Cantonal Doctor Office, Public Health Department of Canton of Vaud, Avenue de la Gare 43, 1003, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Francisco-Javier Garcia SanchezCantonal Infection Prevention and Control Unit, Cantonal Doctor Office, Public Health Department of Canton of Vaud, Avenue de la Gare 43, 1003, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Marie-Catherine SnoussiCantonal Infection Prevention and Control Unit, Cantonal Doctor Office, Public Health Department of Canton of Vaud, Avenue de la Gare 43, 1003, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Béatrix SobgouiCantonal Infection Prevention and Control Unit, Cantonal Doctor Office, Public Health Department of Canton of Vaud, Avenue de la Gare 43, 1003, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Marie Immaculée Nahimana TessemoCantonal Infection Prevention and Control Unit, Cantonal Doctor Office, Public Health Department of Canton of Vaud, Avenue de la Gare 43, 1003, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundOptimal hand hygiene (HH) is necessary to prevent healthcare-associated infections among nursing home (NH) residents. We aimed to quantify the number of HH opportunities per resident-day in NHs and assess institutions' alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR) consumption based on the HH needs of their population.

methodsCross-sectional study between 2022 and 2024 with the participation of 117 NHs (95%) and a random sample of 1633 residents. For each resident we accessed the daily care schedule, attributed 2-4 HH opportunities per nursing activity and collected the care dependency score. We estimated the average number of HH opportunities per resident-day across NHs using linear mixed-effects modeling. We also compared theoretical and observed ABHR consumption on an institutional level.

resultsThe average amount of HH opportunities was 21.65 per resident-day and the need was highly dependent on the care dependency score (β = 2.93; 95% confidence interval: 2.77-3.10, p < 0.01). Median ABHR was 9.43 L per 1000 resident-days. Overall, across all institutions ABHR consumption was 24% of the expected as most institutions consumed up to 25% of the expected amount of ABHR.

conclusionsIn this setting, HH opportunities are higher than previously assumed and significantly associated with care dependency. Most NHs perform poorly and should be prioritized in HH improvement actions like education and auditing with direct feedback.

Indexed as

AlcoholsCross InfectionEthanolHand DisinfectionHand HygieneNursing HomesAgedAged, 80 and overCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansInfection ControlNursing Home ResidentsSwitzerlandAlcoholsEthanolHand decontaminationHand hygieneHand washingInfection prevention and controlLong-term care facilitiesNursing home

Identifiers

PMID42277936
PMCPMC13479862

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.