Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42277809›Full record

ArticleBMC women's health2026

Young women with (pre)malignant cervical disease in northern Netherlands: what characterises them - A population-based cohort study.

Marjolein Dieleman, Karin M Vermeulen, Albert G Siebers, Bea A Wisman, Ed Schuuring, Martha D Esajas, Daan Brandenbarg, Saskia W M C Maass, Geertruida H de Bock

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Article in BMC women's health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Marjolein DielemanDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, 9700 RB, the Netherlands.
Karin M VermeulenDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, 9700 RB, the Netherlands.
Albert G SiebersPalga, Dutch nationwide pathology databank, De Bouw 123, Houten, 3991 SZ, the Netherlands.
Bea A WismanDepartment of Gynaecologic Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, 9700 RB, the Netherlands.
Ed SchuuringDepartment of Pathology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, 9700 RB, the Netherlands.
Martha D EsajasDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands.
Daan BrandenbargDepartment of Primary and Long-Term Care, Cure and Care in the Community Context (FOUR-C) research programme, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands.
Saskia W M C MaassDepartment of Primary and Long-Term Care, Cure and Care in the Community Context (FOUR-C) research programme, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands.
Geertruida H de BockDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, 9700 RB, the Netherlands. g.h.de.bock@umcg.nl.ORCID 0000-0003-3104-4471

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLittle is known on (pre)malignant cervical disease in women below the age of population-based screening (PBS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of (pre)malignant cervical disease and related sociodemographic characteristics in women who are tested and/or referred by the GP before reaching the eligible age (30 years) for participation in the first round of PBS for cervical cancer in the northern Netherlands.

methodsA linkage was performed between the Lifelines cohort (N = 88439 women) and the Dutch nationwide pathology databank (Palga). Data on cervical test records and sociodemographics such as socio-economic status and smoking status were retrieved and analysed.

resultsA cervical test record before the first round of PBS was reported for 6301 women. Cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia grade 2 or higher (CIN2+) was diagnosed in 198 (3.1%) women. CIN2 + was associated with low educational level (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1-2.4), ex-smoking (aOR 1.8, 95%CI 1.2-2.9) and current smoking (aOR 2.7, 95%CI 1.9-3.8).

conclusionsWithin women tested and/or referred by the GP before the eligible age for the Dutch cervical cancer PBS, 3.1% was diagnosed with CIN2+. Higher odds of CIN2 + for women with a low educational level and women who (used to) smoke should be taken along in clinical decision making towards testing and referral.

Indexed as

Precancerous ConditionsUterine Cervical DysplasiaUterine Cervical NeoplasmsAdultCohort StudiesEarly Detection of CancerFemaleHumansMass ScreeningNetherlandsRisk FactorsSmokingYoung AdultCervical Intraepithelial NeoplasiaGeneral PracticeSocio DemographicsUterine Cervical NeoplasmsYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID42277809
PMCPMC13479446

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