Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42277733›Full record

ArticleBMC neurology2026

Late-onset severe axonal polyneuropathy in mut0 methylmalonic acidemia after liver-kidney transplantation: a genotype-informed case report.

Mariapia Griffo, Francesca Magri, Francesca Furlan, Elisabetta Bernardi, Francesca Menni, Francesco Tagliaferri, Sara Testa, Dario Ronchi, Sara Petrillo, Fiorella Piemonte and 7 more

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in BMC neurology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Mariapia GriffoDepartment of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari Center, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Francesca MagriIRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, Milan, Italy.
Francesca FurlanPaediatric Department, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
Elisabetta BernardiNeurology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
Francesca MenniPaediatric Department, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
Francesco TagliaferriPaediatric Department, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
Sara TestaPaediatric Nephrology, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
Dario RonchiDepartment of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari Center, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Sara PetrilloUnit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disease, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy.
Fiorella PiemonteUnit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disease, IRCCS Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy.
Delia GagliardiNeurology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
Mosè ParisiNeurology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
Samuel PadelliNeurology Unit, IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
Daniele VelardoIRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, Milan, Italy.
Nicola MolitiernoIRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Neuromuscular and Rare Diseases Unit, Milan, Italy.
Stefania CortiDepartment of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari Center, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Giacomo Pietro ComiDepartment of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Dino Ferrari Center, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. giacomo.comi@unimi.it.

Funding

Ministero della Salute Ricerca Corrente
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLiver-kidney transplantation in methylmalonic acidemia (MMA) improves metabolic control but does not eliminate neurological risk. Peripheral neuropathy is increasingly recognized in transplanted patients, yet its pathophysiology and surveillance strategies remain poorly defined. CASE PRESENTATION: We describe a severe axonal sensorimotor polyneuropathy that occurred 12 years after combined liver and kidney transplantation in a 20-year-old patient with mut0 methylmalonic acidemia (MMA), compound heterozygous for MMUT gene mutations and lacking fibroblast MCM enzymatic activity. Clinical, electrophysiological, and biochemical investigations were performed, including cerebrospinal fluid analysis, anti-ganglioside antibody testing, and measurement of circulating biomarkers of neuroaxonal injury (NfL) and mitochondrial dysfunction (FGF21, GDF15). Electrophysiological studies demonstrated a purely axonal process with active denervation. Cerebrospinal fluid protein and cell count were normal, anti-ganglioside antibodies were negative, and neuroimaging was unremarkable, excluding Guillain-Barré syndrome variants. Plasma NfL was markedly elevated (4083 pg/mL, 204× ULN), exceeding levels reported in hereditary and acquired neuropathies. FGF21 (1682 pg/mL) and GDF15 (1438 pg/mL) indicated mitochondrial stress.

conclusionsThis case demonstrates that neurological stability is not guaranteed in mut0 MMA even 12 years post-transplantation. Management included switching from tacrolimus to everolimus and optimizing vitamin B12 supplementation. We propose NfL, FGF21, and GDF15 as monitoring tools for MMA transplant recipients.

Indexed as

Amino Acid Metabolism, Inborn ErrorsKidney TransplantationLiver TransplantationMethylmalonyl-CoA MutasePolyneuropathiesGenotypeHumansMaleMutationYoung AdultMethylmalonyl-CoA MutaseAxonal neuropathyCalcineurin inhibitor neuropathyGenotype-phenotype correlationLiver-kidney transplantMethylmalonic acidemiaMMUT geneMut0 genotypeNeurofilament light chainTacrolimus neurotoxicity

Identifiers

PMID42277733
PMCPMC13483674

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.