Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42277663›Full record

Observational studyBMC gastroenterology2026

Use of medications to treat inflammatory bowel diseases before and during pregnancy in Switzerland between 2012 and 2019: an observational study using the claims-based MAMA cohort.

Eva Gerbier, Nazanin Abolhassani, Marc Dupuis, Byron Oppliger, Sreemanjari Kandhasamy, Guillaume Favre, Emeline Maisonneuve, Ursula Winterfeld, Hélène Legardeur, Michael Ceulemans and 3 more

Abstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in BMC gastroenterology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Eva Gerbier *Department Woman-Mother-Child, Materno-Fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Avenue Pierre Decker 2, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland. eva.gerbier@chuv.ch.
Nazanin Abolhassani *Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, 3012, Switzerland.
Marc DupuisInstitute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, 3012, Switzerland.
Byron OppligerInstitute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, 3012, Switzerland.
Sreemanjari KandhasamyInstitute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, 3012, Switzerland.
Guillaume FavreDepartment Woman-Mother-Child, Materno-Fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Avenue Pierre Decker 2, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland.
Emeline MaisonneuveDepartment Woman-Mother-Child, Materno-Fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Avenue Pierre Decker 2, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland.
Ursula WinterfeldSwiss Teratogen Information Service and Clinical Pharmacology Service, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland.
Hélène LegardeurDepartment Woman-Mother-Child, Materno-Fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Avenue Pierre Decker 2, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland.
Michael CeulemansClinical Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Louvain, 3000, Belgium.
David BaudDepartment Woman-Mother-Child, Materno-Fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Avenue Pierre Decker 2, Lausanne, 1011, Switzerland.
Julia SpoendlinHospital Pharmacy, University Hospital Basel, Basel, 4031, Switzerland.
Alice PanchaudInstitute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern, Bern, 3012, Switzerland.

Funding

LOA IV fund, managed by curafutura, pharmaSuisse and santésuisse 00
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEffective management of Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) before and during pregnancy is crucial as women with well-controlled IBD at conception tend to remain in remission throughout pregnancy, experiencing outcomes similar to women without IBD. Most IBD medications are considered safe during pregnancy, except for methotrexate. Despite reassuring data, previous studies have highlighted that women often have negative perceptions and fears related to IBD medications, leading to poor adherence. There is a lack of data regarding how IBD is treated before and during pregnancy in Switzerland. We aimed to assess the prevalence and usage patterns of various IBD medications in Switzerland before and during pregnancy over time.

methodsA descriptive study using the MAMA cohort based on Swiss health insurance claims from 2012 to 2019. We identified pregnancies with a pharmaceutical cost group (PCG) indicating IBD and at least one dispensed IBD medication before pregnancy. We defined three groups based on dispensation timing: continuers (dispensation in pre-pregnancy and in or after trimester 2), switchers (different dispensation between pre-pregnancy and in or after trimester 2), and discontinuers (dispensation in pre-pregnancy but no dispensation in or after trimester 2).

resultsAmong 84,317 deliveries, 0.4% had a PCG code for IBD with an IBD medication dispensed in pre-pregnancy. Half of these pregnancies were exposed to Aminosalicylates, with a consistent proportion over time. Pregnancies exposed to biologics seemed to increase over time, while immunosuppressant use remained steady. Roughly one-third with IBD medication before pregnancy discontinued treatment, a consistent rate throughout the study.

conclusionsAminosalicylates were the most dispensed medication to treat IBD despite the lack of evidence to support their use as first-line therapy. The increase in biologics' dispensations likely reflects the growing evidence on the safety of these medications during pregnancy. One in three women discontinued all treatment during pregnancy, with a stable proportion over time. It is not known whether women discontinued treatment due to quiescent disease or concerns about medication harm. If the latter, these women should be identified and counseled, preferably during the pre-conception period, about the risks and benefits of disease and treatment.

Indexed as

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-SteroidalInflammatory Bowel DiseasesPregnancy ComplicationsAdultCohort StudiesFemaleHumansPregnancySwitzerlandYoung AdultAnti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-SteroidalCrohn's diseaseInflammatory bowel diseasesPharmacoepidemiologyPregnancyUlcerative colitis

Identifiers

PMID42277663
PMCPMC13479713

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.