ArticleThe Saudi dental journal2026
Chicken eggshell paste versus CPP-ACP for enamel remineralization: a pilot in vitro study using micro-computed tomography.
Article in The Saudi dental journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Dental caries in primary teeth affects over 80% of children in many developing countries. Minimal intervention focuses on enamel remineralization. CPP-ACP is widely used, but chicken eggshells, a calcium carbonate-rich biowaste, may offer a sustainable, low-cost alternative. To compare the remineralization potential of chicken eggshell paste versus CPP-ACP on induced white spot lesions in primary enamel using micro-CT. This pilot in vitro pretest-posttest study used consecutive sampling (n = 3/group). Nine primary incisors with induced lesions were assigned to chicken eggshell paste, CPP-ACP, or negative control. Samples underwent pH cycling. Micro-CT assessed demineralization depth and mineral density pre- and post-treatment. Data were analyzed using mixed ANOVA, paired t-tests with Bonferroni correction (p < 0.017), and one-way ANOVA with Tukey HSD. Data were normally distributed (p > 0.05). Mixed ANOVA revealed significant time×group interactions for depth (F(2,6)=431.53, p < 0.001) and density (F(2,6)=23.90, p = 0.001). Both eggshell paste (depth: 130.85 ± 2.06 µm, p < 0.001; density: 15.76 ± 3.78, p = 0.019) and CPP-ACP (depth: 102.76 ± 9.98 µm, p = 0.003; density: 13.58 ± 2.82, p = 0.014) significantly improved from baseline, while controls worsened in depth (-3.24 ± 0.66 µm, p = 0.014). Eggshell paste reduced depth more than CPP-ACP (mean difference: 28.09 µm, p = 0.003), but both were comparable for density (p = 0.618). Both treatments outperformed controls (p < 0.01). Chicken eggshell paste demonstrated remineralization efficacy comparable to CPP-ACP, supporting its potential as a sustainable alternative for early caries management in primary teeth.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.