ArticleAnnals of hematology2026
Myeloid sarcoma of the septum pellucidum causing hallucinations and personality changes in an elderly woman: a case report.
Article in Annals of hematology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Myeloid sarcoma is an extramedullary tumor composed of myeloid blasts, most commonly involving the skin, lymph nodes, and soft tissues. We report a rare case of myeloid sarcoma of the central nervous system (CNS) causing neuropsychiatric symptoms in an elderly woman with a history of JAK2-positive polycythemia vera and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in long-term remission. The patient presented with a one-month history of complex visual hallucinations, short-term memory loss, and personality changes. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 2.4-cm enhancing mass in the septum pellucidum extending between the frontal horns of the lateral ventricle. Cytological analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid showed pleocytosis, and flow cytometry identified a 50% population of CD34 + blasts, consistent with the immunophenotype of the patient's prior biopsy-proven AML. This case highlights an exceedingly unusual presentation of AML relapse and emphasizes the need for clinicians to consider CNS involvement in hematologic patients presenting with new-onset neuropsychiatric symptoms, regardless of remission status.
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