Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42277252›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Encapsulation of lime peel extract in alginate-gelatin microbeads and its potential for browning inhibition in Musa spp. tissue culture.

Nandang Permadi, Pramesthi Reitza Navisya Vasall, Farah Aprisza Sheelmarevaa, Tatang Wahyudi, Winda Puspitasari, Mohamad Nurzaman, Febri Doni, Euis Julaeha

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Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

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4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Nandang PermadiDoctorate Program in Biotechnology, Graduate School, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, 40132, West Java, Indonesia.
Pramesthi Reitza Navisya VasallDoctorate Program in Biotechnology, Graduate School, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, 40132, West Java, Indonesia.
Farah Aprisza SheelmarevaaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, West Java, Indonesia.
Tatang WahyudiResearch Center for Advanced Material, Research Organization for Nanotechnology and Material, National Research and Innovation Agency, Tangerang Selatan, 15310, Banten, Indonesia.
Winda PuspitasariResearch Center for Food Crops, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, 16911, West Java, Indonesia.
Mohamad NurzamanDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, West Java, Indonesia.
Febri DoniDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, West Java, Indonesia.
Euis JulaehaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, West Java, Indonesia. euis.julaeha@unpad.ac.id.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Tissue culture micropropagation is the most effective method for propagating Musa spp. explants; however, enzymatic browning poses a major obstacle. Lime peel extract (LPE) has demonstrated antioxidant activity against browning in Musa spp. cultures, though its effectiveness is limited by instability and rapid release. Encapsulation technology using sodium alginate and gelatin biopolymers addresses these limitations by protecting active compounds, enabling controlled release, and extending shelf life. In this study, LPE was encapsulated with a yield of 79.5%, encapsulation efficiency (EE) of 80.93%, and extract content (EC) of 24.2%. The resulting microbeads were approximately spherical, although their surface is slightly irregular, averaging 1.2 μm in size, and exhibited release kinetics consistent with the Korsmeyer-Peppas model, confirming delayed LPE release. The microbeads showed thermal stability up to 100 °C, maintaining 23.26% EC and 77.8% EE over three weeks. LPE microbeads were more effective in reducing the browning index in Kepok Tanjung and Barangan explants compared to unencapsulated LPE. These findings indicate that LPE, particularly in its encapsulated form, can effectively suppress browning in Musa spp. tissue cultures.

Indexed as

AlginatesCalcium CompoundsGelatinMaillard ReactionMicrospheresMusaOxidesPlant ExtractsAntioxidantsFruitGlucuronic AcidHexuronic AcidsTissue Culture TechniquesAlginatesAntioxidantsCalcium CompoundsGelatinGlucuronic AcidHexuronic AcidslimeOxidesPlant ExtractsAntioxidantCitrus aurantiifolia peel extractexplant browningmicrobeadsMusa spp. tissue culture

Identifiers

PMID42277252
PMCPMC13507076

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.