ArticleJapanese journal of ophthalmology2026
Trends in childhood myopia over a 5-year interval: Korea national health and nutrition examination survey 2016 and 2021.
Article in Japanese journal of ophthalmology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo investigate changes in myopia over a 5-year interval during childhood using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2016 and 2021. STUDY
designCross-sectional analysis based on nationally representative KNHANES data.
methodsParticipants aged 5-15 years from the 2016 KNHANES and 10-20 years from the 2021 KNHANES were included. Refractive errors were converted to spherical equivalents (SE) for comparison, and the more myopic eye was analyzed. SE percentiles were calculated across the entire refractive spectrum, ranging from hyperopia to myopia. SE differences were assessed by comparing the 2016 data with the corresponding 2021 data for participants who were 5 years older. Those with previous ocular surgery were excluded.
resultsA total of 1005 participants from 2016 and 576 from 2021 were analyzed. Mean SE was -1.62 ± 2.05 D in 2016 and -2.96 ± 2.73 D in 2021 (p < 0.001). Among participants aged 5-10 and 12-13 years in 2016, SE values differed significantly from age-matched participants in 2021 (p < 0.05 for each group). Participants aged 5-10 years in 2016 within the 50th-90th percentile range showed SE changes exceeding -1.0 D compared with their 2021 counterparts. Greater myopic changes were observed in younger participants and in those with higher baseline myopia percentiles.
conclusionThis cross-sectional comparison indicates that children with a younger baseline age and higher baseline myopia percentiles experience greater myopic changes over a 5-year interval, emphasizing the need for early myopia control.
Indexed as
Identifiers
42274968What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.