Exposure, Cytotoxicity and Cellular Uptake of Silver (Ag) and Gold (Au) Nanoparticles in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells During Nanoparticle Synthesis.

Mosima Letsoalo, Charlene Andraos, Masilu Masekameni, Mary Gulumian

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Mosima LetsoaloOccupational and Environmental Exposure and Health Division, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0003-1355-884X

Charlene AndraosToxicology Department, National Institute for Occupational Health, National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0002-3049-0392

Masilu MasekameniOccupational and Environmental Exposure and Health Division, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0001-5712-5291

Mary GulumianWater Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.ORCID 0000-0002-4495-8363

Funding

Department of Science, Technology and Innovation, South Africa (DSI/CON C3152/2023)

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Silver (Ag) and gold (Au) nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used in biomedicine, electronics, and catalysis, but their potential toxicity raises occupational health concerns. This study assessed the cytotoxicity and cellular interactions of Ag and Au NPs in human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) using a standardized OECD three-tiered approach, alongside characterization of lung-deposited surface area (LDSA) concentrations during NP synthesis, which remained within ranges typically reported in occupational environments. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that AgNPs formed irregular clusters (~8.7 nm primary size, >30 nm aggregates), whereas AuNPs remained spherical (~13.4 nm). Real-time cytotoxicity analysis (xCELLigence) showed acute toxicity of AgNPs at 5 μg/cm

Indexed as

BEAS-2B cellscytotoxicitynanoparticlesoccupational exposure

Identifiers

PMID42274694

DOI10.3390/nano16110687

PMCPMC13258433

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LicenceCC BY

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.