Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42274447›Full record

GuidelineThe Journal of heart and lung transplantation : the official publication of the International Society for Heart Transplantation2026

International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation Scientific Statement on pulmonary antibody-mediated rejection and proposed graft, antibody, and pathology (GAP) definition.

Fiorella Calabrese, Deborah J Levine, Benjamin A Adam, Sean Agbor-Enoh, Christian Benden, Marie M Budev, Adam B Cochrane, Emanuele Cozzi, David R Darley, Gregory A Fishbein and 29 more

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In one paragraph

Guideline in The Journal of heart and lung transplantation : the official publication of the International Society for Heart Transplantation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

39 authors.

Fiorella CalabreseUniversity of Padova Medical School, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, Italy.
Deborah J LevineStanford Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford, California.
Benjamin A AdamUniversity of Alberta, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Canada.
Sean Agbor-EnohNational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Division of Intramural Research and Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland.
Christian BendenUniversity of Zurich, Switzerland; Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Marie M BudevThe Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
Adam B CochraneInova Fairfax Medical Center, Falls Church, Virginia.
Emanuele CozziUniversity of Padova Medical School, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, Italy.
David R DarleyLung Transplant Unit, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
Gregory A FishbeinDavid Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California.
Andrew E GelmanWashington University School of Medicine, Department of Surgery, St. Louis, Missouri.
Allan R GlanvilleLung Transplant Unit, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, Australia.
John R GreenlandUniversity of California San Francisco and San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, California.
Michelle J HickeyDavid Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California.
Fabio IusHannover Medical School, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hanover, Germany.
Peter JakschMedical University of Vienna, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Vienna, Austria.
Annette M JacksonDuke University, Department of Surgery, Durham, North Carolina.
John O JoernsMayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota.
Hong LorLiverpool Hospital Pharmacy, Liverpool, Australia.
Erin M LoweryUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin.
Massimo MangiolaNYU Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, Transplant Institute, New York, New York.
Letizia Corinna MorlacchiDepartment of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Respiratory and Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Milano, Italy.
Michelle A MurrayNational Lung Transplant Unit, Mater Hospital, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Arun NairFreeman Hospital Institute of Transplantation, NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle University, Tyne, England.
Honoria OcagliUniversity of Padova Medical School, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, Italy.
Jasvir S ParmarRoyal Papworth Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England.
Elizabeth N PavliskoDuke University Medical Center, Department of Pathology, Durham, North Carolina.
Michael PerchUniversity of Copenhagen, Department of Cardiology, Section of Lung Transplantation, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Franck F RahaghiDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Florida.
Anja C RodenDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
Antoine RouxHopital Foch, Pneumology, Adult Cystic Fibrosis Center and Lung Transplantation Department.
Laurie SnyderDuke University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina.
Stuart SweetWashington University in St. Louis, Department of Pediatrics, St. Louis, Missouri.
Stijn E VerledenUniversity of Antwerp, Antwerp Surgical Training Anatomy and Research Centre, Antwerp, Belgium.
Gary A VisnerBoston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Robin VosUniversity Hospitals Leuven, Department of Respiratory Diseases, Leuven, Belgium.
Kathryn A Wikenheiser-BrokampUniversity of Cincinnati, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Divisions of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and The Perinatal Institute Division of Pulmonary Biology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Adriana ZeeviUniversity of Pittsburgh, Department of Pathology, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Ramsey R HachemUniversity of Utah, Division of Respiratory, Critical Care, and Occupational Pulmonary Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah. Electronic address: Ramsey.Hachem@hsc.utah.edu.

Funding

A Phase 1 Clinical Trial of Siltuximab for the Treatment of Antibody-Mediated Rejection after Lung TransplantationR33HL169189 · NHLBI · UTAH STATE HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM--UNIVERSITY OF UTAH · PI Derek E Byers, Andrew Eric Gelman · 2025 to 2026
$1.1M
NHLBI NIH HHS R33 HL169189
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) is an increasingly recognized form of rejection and cause of graft failure after lung transplantation. AMR has been the focus of extensive research over the past decade. Despite growing awareness and recent advances in our understanding of AMR, outcomes remain dismal with a 2-year survival of only 20%. The International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation convened a multidisciplinary workgroup of experts in AMR to review the most up-to-date research and clinical experience and to update the 2016 definition. The workgroup was divided into 9 subgroups covering a broad range of topics pertaining to AMR and used the modified Delphi method to synthesize a cohesive summary of the literature. A multidimensional definition was developed to enhance precision by reporting the specific presenting features. This Graft, Antibody, and Pathology (GAP) definition is based on the presence of Graft dysfunction, the presence and characteristics of Antibodies, and Pathological findings. The workgroup emphasized that identifying better treatments for AMR is a critical unmet need and proposed that a more precise definition might allow better management by providing a platform for testing and developing new therapies.

Indexed as

AntibodiesGraft RejectionIsoantibodiesLung TransplantationSocieties, MedicalHumansAntibodiesIsoantibodiesallograft failureantibody-mediated rejectionchronic lung allograft dysfunctionlung transplantation

Identifiers

PMID42274447
PMCPMC13338865

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.