ReviewFrontiers in immunology2026
Tumor treating fields in malignant pleural mesothelioma: from cytoskeletal collapse to immunophenotypic conversion.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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4 authors.
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Abstract
The therapeutic efficacy in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is severely hindered by its dense stromal barrier and immunosuppressive microenvironment. Although Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) have demonstrated significant survival benefits in clinical trials, their underlying mechanisms extend well beyond simple mitotic arrest. This review delineates a "multidimensional biophysical remodeling" atlas of TTFields in MPM. First, we highlight that TTFields physically disrupt actin-dependent intercellular "tunneling nanotubes, " thereby severing the tumor's communication and metabolic rescue networks. Second, physical stress downregulates the Fanconi Anemia-BRCA pathway, inducing a state of "conditional BRCAness" that specifically sensitizes tumors to DNA-damaging agents. Finally, this cascade triggers immunogenic cell death and orchestrates a chemokine storm, which is hypothesized to facilitate the conversion of the tumor microenvironment from an immune "cold" to a "hot" phenotype. Collectively, by integrating the physical disintegration of subcellular structures with immunological remodeling, TTFields may offer a hypothetical theoretical framework for overcoming therapeutic resistance in MPM.
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