ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026
Case Report: dynamic monocyte reprogramming during ALSS therapy in type B HBV-ACLF revealed by single-cell transcriptomics.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
19 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Hepatitis B virus-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF) is characterized by intense systemic inflammation and immune dysregulation, with monocytes playing a central role in its progression. Patients with HBV-ACLF typically receive comprehensive treatment including artificial liver support system (ALSS). Here, we report a case of HBV-ACLF in which single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) showing dynamic reprogramming of monocyte upon ALSS treatment. Methods: We conducted the single-cell and bulk RNA sequencing with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from a patient with type B HBV-ACLF, both before and after ALSS therapy. The scRNA-seq data were subjected to bioinformatic analyses, including graph-based clustering, pseudotime trajectory inference, and M1/M2 polarization scoring. Findings were further validated using matched bulk transcriptomes. Results: Among PBMCs, monocytes displayed the most dramatic transcriptomic changes. A distinct inflammatory monocyte subpopulation (Mono4) was identified, featuring upregulated mitochondrial genes, and enrichment of secreted factors associated with platelet activation and systemic inflammation. During the ALSS-based comprehensive treatment course, we observed a decreased proportion of Mono4 and attenuation of its pro-inflammatory secretory signature. Pseudotime analysis further revealed a differentiation trajectory from classical monocytes (Mono1 and Mono2) to Mono4, which decreased with treatment. Consistent with these findings, bulk RNA-seq deconvolution confirmed the monocyte-centric immune landscape. Conclusion: In this case report, comprehensive treatment including ALSS was linked to monocyte reprogramming and the decreased pro-inflammatory Mono4 subpopulation. Furthermore, Mono4 may play a central role in the systemic hyperinflammatory response.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.