ReviewInternational journal of general medicine2026
Clinical Significance of the C-Reactive Protein-Triglyceride-Glucose Index in Cardiovascular Disease, Stroke, Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome, Cancer, Diabetes, and Osteoporosis: A Narrative Review.
Review in International journal of general medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: This narrative review aimed to summarize and critically appraise current evidence on the clinical significance of CTI in cardiovascular disease, stroke, cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome, cancer, diabetes, and osteoporosis. Methods: PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched from January 2022, when CTI was first proposed, to January 2026. Search terms combined "C-reactive protein-triglyceride glucose index", "CTI", "CRP-TyG", "insulin resistance", "inflammation", and disease-specific terms including cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease, heart failure, stroke, cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome, cancer, diabetes, osteoporosis. Eligible studies reported CTI-specific clinical associations, prognostic performance, or relevant mechanistic evidence. Because this was a narrative review, no meta-analysis was performed. Results: Current evidence is dominated by observational studies. Elevated CTI is consistently associated with higher cardiometabolic risk and poorer outcomes in cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease, heart failure, stroke, cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome, cancer, and diabetes. Emerging data also suggest a potential relationship between higher CTI and reduced bone mineral density or osteoporosis, particularly among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, reported associations differ by glycometabolic status, disease stage, sex, age, and study design, and standardized CTI thresholds remain unavailable. Conclusion: CTI is a simple, accessible index that may help characterize the inflammatory-metabolic burden underlying several chronic diseases. Its clinical value is most plausible as a complementary risk-stratification tool rather than a stand-alone diagnostic marker. Future studies should validate disease-specific thresholds, test whether CTI improves established prediction models, and determine whether interventions that reduce CTI translate into better clinical outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.