Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42273170›Full record

ArticleDyes and pigments : an international journal2026

Annulated cationic tetramethyl indo(di)carbocyanine dyes exhibit potent dark cytotoxicity in cancer cells.

Zhumin Zhang, Hailey S Sanders, Aktar Ali, Bradley D Smith

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Dyes and pigments : an international journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Zhumin ZhangDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA.
Hailey S SandersDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA.
Aktar AliDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA.ORCID 0009-0008-8378-5638
Bradley D SmithDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4120-3210

Funding

Molecular Probes for Biomembrane RecognitionR35GM136212 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME · PI Bradley D Smith · 2020 to 2026
$2.5M
NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM136212
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We report the synthesis, characterization, and biological evaluation of a new series of chain-substituted pentamethine cyanine dyes, including annulated cationic derivatives. Palladium-catalyzed Sonogashira coupling of γ-bromo-substituted pentamethine cyanine (Cy5) dyes with electron-neutral or weakly donating arylalkynes yielded the expected linear products, whereas strongly electron-donating arylalkynes produced annulated dyes with blue-shifted absorption and pH-responsive "turn-on" fluorescence with pKa values between 4.9 and 6.3. Anionic sulfonated dyes were biocompatible, while cationic

Indexed as

Cross couplingCyanine dyeCytotoxic agentFluorescenceMitochondriapH responsive

Identifiers

PMID42273170
PMCPMC13249393

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.