ArticleTouchREVIEWS in endocrinology2026
Utility of Surrogate Markers for Insulin Resistance: Homeostasis Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) and Triglyceride-Glucose (TyG) Index in Identifying Metabolic Syndrome Among Adults from Resource-limited Settings.
Article in TouchREVIEWS in endocrinology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Sex differences in insulin resistance and associated metabolic and inflammatory markers among adults with and without HIV in Zambia.Physiological reports · 2026Article
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7 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Insulin resistance (IR) is a central feature of metabolic syndrome (MetS). While the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) is widely used, it has limitations in resource-constrained settings. The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index offers a simpler alternative, but comparative data from Indian adults are limited. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the performance of the two indices as surrogate markers for IR among adults. Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 312 adults (217 without MetS and 95 with MetS), selected using stratified random sampling. Participants underwent standardized anthropometric measurements and fasting biochemical tests. MetS was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) criteria. HOMA-IR and TyG indices were calculated and compared across demographic and clinical subgroups. Diagnostic performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results: Participants with MetS had significantly higher HOMA-IR and TyG index values compared with those without MetS (p<0.001). Both indices showed a strong positive correlation with metabolic parameters. ROC analysis revealed that the TyG index had superior diagnostic performance (area under the curve [AUC]=0.85) compared with HOMA-IR (AUC=0.81). The TyG index also showed greater sensitivity (68.4% versus 64.2%), specificity (94.0% versus 89.4%) and overall accuracy (86.2% versus 81.7%). Conclusions: Both HOMA-IR and the TyG indices are useful in identifying IR; however, the latter demonstrated better overall diagnostic accuracy and greater practicality. Given its ease of calculation and cost-effectiveness, the TyG index may be a suitable screening tool for IR in low-resource environments. Further longitudinal validation studies are warranted.
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