ArticleThe Permanente journal2026
Patient Insights to Improve Naloxone Access and Decision Support.
Article in The Permanente journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionIncreased access to naloxone has contributed to reductions in opioid-related overdose. However, many individuals prescribed naloxone do not fill their prescription. Better understanding modifiable patient-level barriers to naloxone receipt may inform health system-level implementation strategies that improve naloxone availability.
methodsA quality improvement survey was emailed to adult members of Kaiser Permanente Northwest with a valid email address who had an order for naloxone between September 15, 2023 and September 15, 2024 that appeared unfilled in pharmacy records. Using χ
resultsA total of 481 responses were received (19% response rate). More than half (57.5%) of respondents reported not obtaining naloxone at a pharmacy or other community resource. Primary reasons included: perceived lack of need (55.3%), unawareness of practitioner recommendation (14.9%), uncertainty about its purpose (13.1%), cost concerns (7.3%), and unfamiliarity with naloxone (4.4%). Fewer than 10 respondents cited logistical barriers. DISCUSSION: Results from this quality improvement survey are consistent with previous studies of barriers to naloxone use. Among patients who did not fill a prescription for naloxone, many did not assess their personal risk of overdose to be high, and some resented a perceived implication that they might be abusing opioids. Others were unaware that a naloxone prescription was written until notified by a pharmacist. Cost and logistical barriers were less common concerns, each for less than 10% of those not filling a prescription.
conclusionClear, nonjudgmental communication about the risk for opioid-related overdose, even among people using their opioids appropriately, and education about the purpose of naloxone may improve access.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.