ArticleAcute and critical care2026
Rehabilitating the diaphragm: an integrated approach to intensive care unit-acquired dysfunction in critical illness-a narrative review.
Article in Acute and critical care, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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8 authors.
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Abstract
Improved survival in critical illness has increased recognition of intensive care unit (ICU) complications, particularly ICU-acquired weakness, which affects up to 25% of patients. Diaphragm involvement is common and contributes to prolonged ventilation, difficult weaning, and worse outcomes. Dysfunction arises from ventilator-induced injury, sepsis-related myopathy, or both. Although early mobilization and physiotherapy improve recovery, their effectiveness is often limited by respiratory muscle fatigue and dyspnea. Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) reduces the work of breathing, sustains spontaneous effort, and enhances exercise tolerance, thereby facilitating earlier and safer rehabilitation. This review summarizes the current understanding of the pathophysiology of ICU-acquired diaphragm dysfunction. It explores the role of NIV and other respiratory supports as an adjunct to physiotherapy aimed at optimizing recovery in critically ill patients.
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