ArticleAdvanced healthcare materials2026
Environment-Responsive Sustained-Release Nanoparticles for the Protection, Delivery and Release of Clove Essential Oil to Improve Foodborne Bacterial Colitis Treatment.
Article in Advanced healthcare materials, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Bacterial colitis remains a global health challenge. Clove essential oil (CEO), a natural plant extract, exerts potent activity against enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli). But its poor water solubility and insufficient stability limit its translation into a therapeutic agent for E. coli-induced colitis. Herein, we first synthesized β-cyclodextrin-grafted chitosan nanoparticles (CS-g-CD NPs) by electrostatic interactions based on a pH response and enzymatic degradation synergy. Subsequently, with the assistance of ultrasound waves, CEO was loaded into the nanoparticles through van der Waals forces, ultimately constructing a colon-targeted delivery system (CEO/CS-g-CD NPs). This system not only enhanced the water solubility and stability of CEO, but also improved its bioavailability (enhanced by 120.10%) through protecting it from gastric acid degradation and prolonging intestinal retention. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated that CEO/CS-g-CD NPs effectively inhibited E. coli proliferation and suppressed its virulence gene expression. Consequently, these nanoparticles alleviated the inflammatory response triggered by bacterial infection, regulated gut microbiota homeostasis, and further promoted the repair of the damaged colonic barrier. This study developed an intelligent on-demand release strategy for poorly water-soluble natural products, markedly boosting their ameliorative effect on bacterial colitis and facilitating the application of these products in pharmaceutical sectors.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.