ArticleBMC cancer2026
Prognostic significance of therapy-induced senescence and SASP dynamics in acute myeloid leukemia: a retrospective cohort study.
Article in BMC cancer, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundChemotherapy constitutes the backbone of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) treatment but often induces cellular senescence. While senescence initially halts tumor proliferation, the accumulation of senescent cells and the Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype (SASP) may promote leukemic survival and relapse. The clinical correlation between post-treatment senescence burden and AML prognosis remains poorly characterized.
methodsWe conducted a single-center retrospective study analyzing 128 newly diagnosed AML patients treated with standard induction chemotherapy between January 2019 and December 2023. Bone marrow samples were assessed at diagnosis and post-induction. Senescent cell burden was quantified via p16
resultsInduction chemotherapy significantly increased the proportion of senescent cells and normalized SASP levels compared to baseline (P < 0.001), with LSC progenitors exhibiting the highest senescence burden. High post-induction senescence burden was positively correlated with adverse cytogenetics and minimal residual disease (MRD) positivity. Senescence markers strongly correlated with IL-6 and IL-8, but not TNF-α. Patients in the High-Senescence group exhibited significantly inferior Event-Free Survival (median EFS: 8.5 vs. 18.2 months, P = 0.002) and Overall Survival (median OS: 14.2 vs. 26.5 months, P = 0.004). Multivariate Cox regression identified high IL-6 levels (HR 2.14, 95% CI 1.32-3.48) and elevated p16
conclusionTherapy-induced senescence creates a pro-tumoral microenvironment via SASP in AML. High senescence burden post-induction is a robust biomarker for poor outcomes, suggesting that senolytic strategies targeting these cells could improve therapeutic efficacy.
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