ArticleBMC geriatrics2026
Association of bone mineral density with perioperative hidden blood loss in older adults undergoing intramedullary nailing for unstable intertrochanteric fractures.
Article in BMC geriatrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe influence of bone mineral density (BMD) on hidden blood loss (HBL) in older patients with unstable intertrochanteric fractures treated with intramedullary nailing (IMN) is underexplored. The current retrospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the relationship between BMD and perioperative HBL in these cases. MATERIALS AND
methodsA total of 115 patients aged > 60 years undergoing IMN between January 2022 and December 2024 were included. Data included demographics, BMD T score, preoperative hemoglobin (Hb), medical history, and HBL(calculated using the Nadler formula). Spearman correlation, Mann-Whitney U tests, and multiple linear regression were applied to identify factors associated with HBL.
resultsPatients (mean age 82.90 ± 9.48 years, 29.57% male) had a mean BMD T-score of -3.29 ± 2.17. Lower BMD T-score (β = -14.35, p < 0.001) and lower preoperative Hb (β = -1.282, p = 0.033) were independently associated with greater HBL on postoperative day 3; a history of hypertension was independently associated with lower HBL after adjustment (β = -24.56, p = 0.016). Similar associations were observed on postoperative day 7 (BMD T-score: β = -17.14, p < 0.001; hypertension: β = -23.22, p = 0.045). Other factors showed no significant association.
conclusionIn this retrospective cohort study of older adults undergoing intramedullary nailing for unstable intertrochanteric fractures, lower BMD T-score and lower preoperative Hb were independently associated with greater perioperative HBL, while a history of hypertension appeared to be independently associated with lower HBL after adjustment. These associations were moderate in magnitude and should be interpreted with caution given the retrospective design, imbalanced BMD subgroups, and missing postoperative day-7 data. Preoperative BMD assessment and Hb optimization may inform perioperative risk stratification, though prospective validation is required.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.