ArticleBMC genomics2026
Large-scale genomic analysis reveals the origin and evolution of Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) in plants.
Article in BMC genomics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundGlutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are a crucial gene superfamily for plant stress adaptation. However, their evolutionary trajectories and genomic organizational principles across the plant kingdom remain poorly understood.
resultsThrough a large-scale comparative genomic analysis of 74 plant species, we identified 4,355 GST genes and classified them into 16 subfamilies. Phylogenetic reconstruction revealed massive and lineage-specific expansion of the stress-responsive Tau and Phi subfamilies in land plants, in contrast to the high conservation of ancient subfamilies (e.g., Theta, Zeta). Structural analysis suggested clade-specific motifs in Tau members associated with functional diversification. In polyploid barnyardgrass, genome duplication led to a disproportionate increase in GST copies: Tau and Phi genes showed unbalanced retention and formed selective clusters on homeologous group 1 and 2 chromosomes, while ancient subfamilies maintained dosage stability.
conclusionsOur study elucidates divergent evolutionary dynamics within the GST family. The lineage-specific expansion and selective retention of clustered Tau/Phi genes during polyploidization suggest a potential genomic signature that may be associated with adaptive evolution in plants. This study provides a comprehensive genomic resource and framework for future functional studies of GSTs in plant stress biology.
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