ArticleProceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center)2026
A rare case of anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis presenting with subacute neuropsychiatric symptoms in an older patient.
Article in Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis is a rare autoimmune condition that often presents with delirium and seizures. While classically associated with younger women and ovarian teratomas, it can occur across a broader demographic and mimic a psychotic disorder or metabolic conditions. This case describes a 59-year-old woman with a history of fibromyalgia and depressive disorder who presented with subacute delirium, behavioral disturbances, and incontinence. Initial evaluations were unrevealing, and early diagnostic considerations attributed her presentation to a psychotic disorder. However, further workup, including cerebrospinal fluid antibody testing, confirmed anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis. This case underscores the diagnostic challenges posed by autoimmune encephalitis and highlights the importance of maintaining a broad differential. Anchoring bias and premature diagnostic closure can delay life-saving treatment; clinicians must remain vigilant when evaluating unexplained subacute neuropsychiatric decline.
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