Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42268972›Full record

ArticleScience advances2026

Human-caused sea level rise drives 21st-century worldwide water level extremes.

Daniel M Gilford, Yucheng Lin, Kristina Dahl, Andrew Pershing, Robert E Kopp, Benjamin Strauss

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Science advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Daniel M GilfordClimate Central, Princeton, NJ 08542, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2422-0887
Yucheng LinSchool of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.ORCID 0000-0002-5556-4490
Kristina DahlClimate Central, Princeton, NJ 08542, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6471-8845
Andrew PershingClimate Central, Princeton, NJ 08542, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4432-0850
Robert E KoppDepartment of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4016-9428
Benjamin StraussClimate Central, Princeton, NJ 08542, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6856-6575

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The rate and impacts of sea level rise vary considerably around the world, but the contribution of human-caused climate change to increases in local and regional flood risks has not yet been systematically explored. Because such information is critical to local decision making, legal proceedings, and loss and damage determinations, we quantify human-caused climate change's contributions to sea level rise at worldwide locations using budget-based and semiempirical model methods. Results show that human-caused sea level rise is quantifiable at 97% of 519 tide gauge sites and is responsible for 58% (44 to 65%) of the observed daily extreme water level exceedances over 2000-2018. On average, human-caused sea level rise has caused a near-tripling in the number of days with attributable exceedances since the 1970s.

Indexed as

Climate ChangeSea Level RiseSeawaterHumansModels, Theoretical

Identifiers

PMID42268972
PMCPMC13251855

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.