ArticlePLOS global public health2026
Implementation of non-pharmacological recommendations and its associated factors among hypertensive patients on follow-up in hospitals of South Omo and Gofa zones, Southern Ethiopia: A facility based cross sectional study.
Article in PLOS global public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Hypertension is a major public health issue and inadequately controlled in a large proportion of patients globally. It can be adequately managed both pharmacologically and non-pharmacologically. This study aimed to assess the implementation of non-pharmacological recommendations and its associated factors among hypertensive patients attending hospitals in the South Omo and Gofa zones, southern Ethiopia. A health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among hypertensive patients on follow-up at the chronic care unit of Jinka and Sawla general hospitals in the South Omo zone (currently the Ari zone) and the Gofa zone, southern Ethiopia, from June 01 to July 30, 2025. The participants were selected using proportionate allocation and a simple random sampling method. A pretested and interviewer-administered structured questionnaire adapted from a validated tool to measure hypertension self-care and the Joint National Committee recommendations on the treatment of hypertension was utilized to collect the data using Kobo Toolbox. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 was utilized for data analysis. Descriptive statistics such as frequency and cross-tabulation were used to summarize the data. Binary logistic regression was computed to identify determinants of hypertensive patients' implementation of non-pharmacological recommendations. Significance was declared at p-value<0.05. In this study, majority of the participants were male and aged above 50 years. This study revealed that 58.9% of participants had good overall implementation of non-pharmacological recommendations for hypertension management. In this study participant age (AOR: 3.64; 95% CI: 1.43-9.28), educational level (AOR: 3.84; 95% CI: 1.42-10.35), monthly income (AOR: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.34-0.96) and knowledge level about non-pharmacological recommendations (AOR: 5.02; 95% CI: 2.94-8.57) were found to be significant determinants of hypertensive patients' implementation of non-pharmacological recommendations (p < 0.05). This study identified a considerable magnitude of poor implementation of non-pharmacological recommendations for hypertension management among hypertensive patients. The participant's age, educational level, monthly income, and knowledge level were found to be significant predictors of the implementation of recommendations among patients. Therefore, establishing a facility-based patient peer support club, considering digital health (automated SMS reminder) intervention, awareness creation campaigns and patient centered health education would play an indispensable role in improving the implementation of recommendations among hypertensive patients.
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