Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42268486›Full record

ArticleAnnals of biomedical engineering2026

PRBS Gas Challenges Reveal Impaired Chemoreflex and Cholinergic Dynamics in MCI.

Suhaib Hashem, Stanley Yamashiro, Elizabeth Joe, Helena Chui, Vasilis Marmarelis

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Article in Annals of biomedical engineering, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Suhaib HashemAlfred E. Mann Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. shashem@usc.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0004-3420-7242
Stanley YamashiroAlfred E. Mann Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Elizabeth JoeDepartment of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Helena ChuiDepartment of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Vasilis MarmarelisAlfred E. Mann Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Funding

Revision Supplement: Model-based cerebrovascular markers extracted from hemodynamic data for diagnosing MCI or AD and predicting disease progressionR01AG058162 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI BILLINGER, SANDRA A, CHUI, HELENA CHANG · 2018 to 2022
$11.5M
NIA NIH HHS R01 AG058162NIA NIH HHS R01-AG058162
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThis study investigates the dynamic regulation of cerebral oxygenation in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) compared to healthy controls, using a novel pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS) gas challenge. Traditional assessments often overlook frequency-dependent features of cerebrovascular control; this work aims to uncover latent deficits through broadband perturbations and nonparametric dynamic modeling.

methodsSeventeen ApoE4-negative participants (9 controls, 8 MCI) underwent a three-session supine protocol involving PRBS-modulated inhalation of hypoxic and hypercapnic gas mixtures. Physiological signals-including near-infrared spectroscopy (TOI), arterial pressure (ABP), and end-tidal CO

resultsControls showed significant increases in ventilation and TOI from baseline to stimulation (

conclusionPRBS gas modulation combined with dynamic modeling revealed subtle but significant cerebrovascular control impairments in MCI. This methodology enables mechanistic insights into early pathophysiology and may aid future physiomarker development.

Indexed as

Carbon DioxideCognitive DysfunctionOxygenAgedCerebrovascular CirculationFemaleHumansMaleCarbon DioxideOxygenAlzheimer’s diseaseCerebral autoregulationChemoreflex sensitivityMild cognitive impairment (MCI)Principal dynamic mode (PDM)Pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS)

Identifiers

PMID42268486
PMCPMC13391744

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.