Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42268350›Full record

ArticleSports medicine - open2026

Project FURTHER: A Physiological, Biomechanical, and Psychosocial Profile of an All-Female 6-Day Ultramarathon Race.

Hannah G Caldwell, Trent Stellingwerff, Robert J Gathercole, Andy Hung, Sarah A Purcell, Christopher Napier, Chris J McNeil, Erica V Bennett, Sharleen D Hoar, Sarah A Craven and 6 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Sports medicine - open, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Hannah G CaldwellSchool of Health and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Development, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6072-7277
Trent StellingwerffCanadian Sport Institute - Pacific, Victoria, BC, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4704-8250
Robert J GathercoleProduct Innovation Team, Lululemon Athletica, Vancouver, BC, V6J 1C7, Canada.
Andy HungCanadian Sport Institute - Pacific, Victoria, BC, Canada.
Sarah A PurcellSchool of Health and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Development, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada.
Christopher NapierDepartment of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Faculty of Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1454-3546
Chris J McNeilSchool of Health and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Development, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada.
Erica V BennettSchool of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada.
Sharleen D HoarCanadian Sport Institute - Pacific, Victoria, BC, Canada.
Sarah A CravenSchool of Health and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Development, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada.
Christina D BruceSchool of Health and Exercise Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Development, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1V7, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1404-8430
Sameen R KavianiDepartment of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Faculty of Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada.
Sean K T GaieskyDepartment of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Faculty of Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8535-833X
Alexa A RobertsonDepartment of Human Health Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
Jamie F BurrDepartment of Human Health Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5449-3352
Alexandra M CoatesDepartment of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Faculty of Science, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada. alexandra_coates@sfu.ca.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1739-3085

Funding

Mitacs IT39862
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundUltramarathon performance reflects a complex interplay of physiological, biomechanical, and psychosocial factors, yet data from multi-day events remain limited, particularly in females. The demands and key determinants of performance in these events, including the longest ratified world-record event, the 6-day ultramarathon, are not well-characterized. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive, multi-disciplinary profile of the demands and performance determinants in an all-female 6-day ultramarathon.

methods10 heterogenous female athletes (27-48y, Tier 2-5, V̇O

resultsAll athletes achieved personal distance records over 6 days (463.6±199.6 km), with the top athlete covering 901.8 km, breaking the female world record. Exercise intensity was low (~46±6%V̇O

conclusionsThe 6-day ultramarathon imposes an extreme physical and psychological challenge. Success may depend less on physical capacity and biomechanical efficiency than on the ability to persevere through fatigue.

Indexed as

Exercise performanceFemale physiologyField studyMulti-disciplinaryRunning biomechanicsUltra-endurance

Identifiers

PMID42268350
PMCPMC13253903

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.