Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42267309›Full record

ArticleDiscover public health2026

Qualitative assessment of the water and sanitation for health facility improvement tool (WASH FIT) implementation in Zimbabwe.

Mitsuaki Hirai, Andrea Martinsen, John Mwenda, Boniface Nzara, Anangu Rajasingham, Milliton Chivasa, Newten Handireketi, Tariro Mavi, Nesbert Shirihuru, Eddington Zinyandu and 6 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Discover public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Mitsuaki HiraiUNICEF Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Andrea MartinsenU.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA.
John MwendaNational Institute of Health Research (Ministry of Health and Child Care, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Boniface NzaraUNICEF Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Anangu RajasinghamU.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA.
Milliton ChivasaEnvironment Health Services (Ministry of Health and Child Care, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Newten HandireketiMedical Laboratory and Clinical Scientists Council of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Tariro MaviUNICEF Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Nesbert ShirihuruDepartment of WASH Coordination, Ministry of Lands, Agriculture, Fisheries, Water and Rural Development, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Eddington ZinyanduAction Contre la Faim, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Witness M NkomoAfrica AHEAD, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Silindile SibandaInternational Medical Corps UK, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe.
Cindy KushnerUNICEF Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Victor NyamandiEnvironment Health Services (Ministry of Health and Child Care, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Nicholas MidziNational Institute of Health Research (Ministry of Health and Child Care, Harare, Zimbabwe.
Thomas HandzelU.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Inadequate water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) services in healthcare facilities (HCFs) put patients and HCF staff at risk of healthcare-associated infections. To facilitate continuous improvements of WASH services in Zimbabwe, the Water and Sanitation for Health Facility Improvement Tool (WASH FIT) program was implemented in 100 HCFs from August 2021 to May 2023. A qualitative study was conducted to describe the experiences and perceptions of WASH FIT implementation by HCF staff and government officers in four provinces of Zimbabwe through in-depth interviews. The findings revealed that WASH FIT has been recognized as a practical methodology, which can contribute to increasing WASH service availability, patient and staff satisfaction, and health service utilization. Constraints on financial resources, supplies, and personnel time and skills were noted as key implementation challenges. This study also highlighted that training might not have been adequate for HCF staff to fully internalize the methodology and five steps of WASH FIT. By mobilizing continuous and adequate financial resources and conducting adequate training for HCF teams, HCFs may further enhance the ownership and sustainability of WASH FIT implementation.

Indexed as

HealthHealth care facilityHygieneSanitationWASHWaste managementWater

Identifiers

PMID42267309
PMCPMC13243321

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.