ArticleBMC research notes2026
Serum magnesium deficiency and its metabolic-vascular correlates in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus at a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital.
Article in BMC research notes, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectivesTo compare serum magnesium levels between patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and age- and sex-matched non-diabetic controls, and evaluate the relationship between serum magnesium, β-cell function, glycaemic control, nephropathy, and peripheral arterial disease (PAD).
resultsIn this hospital-based cross-sectional study, 83 patients with T2DM and 83 matched controls were evaluated. Serum magnesium was measured using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry, while β-cell function and insulin resistance were assessed using the HOMA2 model. Nephropathy was assessed by albumin-creatinine ratio, and PAD by ankle-brachial index. Median serum magnesium levels were significantly lower in patients with T2DM than in controls [0.40 (0.30-0.43) vs. 0.88 (0.76-1.02) mmol/L, p < 0.001]. Hypomagnesaemia was present in all diabetic participants. Serum magnesium correlated positively with HOMA2-%β (rho = 0.47, p = 0.002), fasting insulin (rho = 0.42, p = 0.003), and HOMA2-IR (rho = 0.43, p = 0.004), but not HbA1c (rho = - 0.13, p = 0.21). Patients with microalbuminuria had significantly lower β-cell function indices (p = 0.002), while serum magnesium showed no significant association with albuminuria or PAD. These findings suggest that hypomagnesaemia is prevalent among Nigerian patients with T2DM and may reflect impaired β-cell function rather than established vascular complications.
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