ArticleLung2026
Early Small Airway Mechanics and Functional Correlates in Asymptomatic Smokers: An Impulse Oscillometry-Based Study.
Article in Lung, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Oscillometric ındices in obstructive sleep apnoea are more closely related to obesity than to disease severity.Internal and emergency medicine · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEarly mechanical alterations in small airways may occur in asymptomatic smokers despite preserved spirometric lung function. This study aimed to evaluate respiratory system mechanics using impulse oscillometry (IOS) in asymptomatic smokers and to investigate their relationship with exercise capacity and muscle oxygenation.
methodsIn this cross-sectional study, university students who were current smokers and never-smokers were included. All participants underwent spirometry and IOS measurements before and after the six-minute walk test (6MWT). IOS parameters included resistance (R5-R25, R5-R20) and reactance (X5, X5VEX, X5VIN, AX, Fres). Respiratory muscle strength (MIP/MEP) and muscle oxygen saturation (SmO₂) measured by near-infrared spectroscopy at the vastus lateralis were also assessed. Associations between IOS parameters, smoking exposure, exercise capacity, and muscle oxygenation were analyzed.
resultsDespite comparable FVC % predicted, FEV₁ % predicted, and FEV₁/FVC values, smokers demonstrated higher resistance indices (R5, R5-R20) as well as higher AX and Fres values, and lower reactance parameters (X5, X5VIN) compared with non-smokers (p < 0.001 for most comparisons). Smoking exposure correlated positively with resistance parameters and negatively with X5. Smokers exhibited reduced 6MWT distance and lower SmO₂ levels. In multivariable analysis, lower R5 and higher X5VIN were associated with longer 6MWT distance (p = 0.008 and p < 0.001, respectively).
conclusionsIOS can detect early small airway mechanical alterations in asymptomatic smokers despite preserved spirometry. The associations of these changes with exercise capacity and muscle oxygenation suggest that early small airway involvement may have functional correlates. IOS may serve as a complementary tool for the multidimensional assessment of smoking-related airway effects.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.