Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42263837›Full record

ArticleCancer letters2026

The WYZ-1 mouse glioblastoma stem cell model: A novel preclinical tool for tumor and therapy studies.

Qingfeng Xue, Juan Ye, Samik Chakraborty, Xueyu Sang, Mitchell Sun, Yaping Zhang, Shuran Chen, Wanrun Lin, Jeeva Munasinghe, Chunzhang Yang and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer letters, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Qingfeng XueNeuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Juan YeNeuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Samik ChakrabortyNE1 Inc., New York, NY, USA.
Xueyu SangNeuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Mitchell SunNeuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Yaping ZhangNeuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Shuran ChenNeuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Wanrun LinLaboratory of Pathology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Jeeva MunasingheMouse Imaging Facility, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Chunzhang YangNeuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Herui WangNeuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. Electronic address: herui.wang@nih.gov.
Zhengping ZhuangNeuro-Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. Electronic address: zhengping.zhuang@nih.gov.

Funding

Hypoxia signaling in cancer developmentZIABC011773 · NCI · DIVISION OF BASIC SCIENCES - NCI · PI ZHUANG, ZHENGPING · 2017 to 2025
$13.0M
Intramural NIH HHS ZIA BC011773
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We established a novel syngeneic glioblastoma stem cell (GSC) line from PDGFB-driven RCAS/tv-a glioblastomas and subsequently generated a Pten-deficient derivative, WYZ-1. In vitro, WYZ-1 cells exhibited robust self-renewal, high expression of GSC markers (CD133, Nestin, SOX2), and multipotent differentiation into neuronal and astrocytic lineages. In vivo, intracranial implantation in immunocompetent mice produced highly infiltrative and vascularized tumors with marked proliferation, necrosis, and white matter invasion, closely recapitulating key histopathological features of human glioblastoma. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the retention of oncogenic, stem-like, and mesenchymal-associated markers. Importantly, WYZ-1 tumors displayed an immune-excluded ("cold") tumor microenvironment characterized by dense infiltration of immunosuppressive macrophages/microglial cells within the tumor core and restricted localization of exhausted T cells to the tumor margins. Consistent with these features, WYZ-1 tumors are resistant to temozolomide and anti-PD-1 monotherapy, with only a modest survival benefit observed following CTLA-4 blockade. Collectively, these findings establish WYZ-1 as a highly aggressive, stem-like, and immunocompetent glioblastoma model that mirrors the therapeutic resistance of human disease and provides a valuable platform for investigating tumor biology and evaluating novel immunotherapeutic strategies.

Indexed as

Brain NeoplasmsGlioblastomaNeoplastic Stem CellsAC133 AntigenAnimalsCell Line, TumorCell ProliferationDisease Models, AnimalDrug Resistance, NeoplasmHumansImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsMicePTEN PhosphohydrolaseSOXB1 Transcription FactorsTemozolomideTumor MicroenvironmentAC133 AntigenImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsPTEN PhosphohydrolasePten protein, mouseSOXB1 Transcription FactorsTemozolomideGlioblastoma stem cellImmunocompetent glioblastoma modelRCAS-TVA modelTumor microenvironmentWYZ-1 cell line

Identifiers

PMID42263837
PMCPMC13370746

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.