Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42263055›Full record

ArticleCerebrovascular diseases extra2026

Feasibility of Direct Oral Anticoagulant Dipstick Point-of-Care Testing in Patients with Acute Stroke and Transient Ischaemic Attack.

Maximilian Ziegler, Kristina Szabo, Carolin Hoyer, Olaf Willmann, Adrian Bursa, Job Harenberg, Uwe Spannagel, Svetlana Hetjens, Christel Weiss, Rolf Kern

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cerebrovascular diseases extra, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Maximilian ZieglerDepartment of Neurology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany, maxziegler96.mz@gmail.com.
Kristina SzaboDepartment of Neurology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
Carolin HoyerDepartment of Neurology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
Olaf WillmannDepartment of Neurology, Klinikum Worms gGmbH, Worms, Germany.
Adrian BursaDepartment of Neurology, Klinikum Worms gGmbH, Worms, Germany.
Job HarenbergDOASENSE GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany.
Uwe SpannagelDOASENSE GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany.
Svetlana HetjensBiometry and Biomathematics, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
Christel WeissBiometry and Biomathematics, University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
Rolf KernDepartment of Neurology, Klinikum Worms gGmbH, Worms, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionIn patients with acute stroke, the plasma concentrations of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) need to be known for further treatment decisions. The point-of-care test DOAC Dipstick contains two test pads that determine levels of direct factor Xa (FXA) inhibitors and thrombin (THR) inhibitors in urine samples; thereby determining DOAC plasma levels of >30 ng/mL within 10 min. This study aimed to test the feasibility of using the DOAC Dipstick to detect the presence of DOACs in patients with acute stroke and transient ischaemic attack (TIA) during the early phase of intrahospital stroke management.

methodsUrine samples from patients with acute stroke and TIA with or without DOAC intake were obtained within 8 h after hospitalisation. The urine samples were tested using the DOAC Dipstick. After incubation, colour change on the DOAC Dipstick pads were analysed visually and using a semi-automated reader. Primary endpoints were the success rate of evaluable pad results and time to results after urine sampling.

resultsFrom January 2023 to April 2024, 70 patients were recruited, 66 of whom fulfilled the inclusion criteria (39% female, mean age 73 ± 11.9 years). The median (interquartile range) times from urine sample collection to visual and reader test pad results were 20 (15-26) min and 24 (16-37) min, respectively. The test procedure was uncomplicated in most patients (n = 60). Complications in the test procedure were delays in urine sampling (n = 3), need for repeated testing due to dry strip (n = 2), no visual evaluability of the test result (n = 1), and abnormal urine colour (n = 1). The urine samples of all patients with prior DOAC intake (n = 26) were positive for DOACs while those for all patients without prior DOAC intake (n = 39) were negative for DOACs (1 patient was excluded because the urine sample was not collected in time).

conclusionThe DOAC Dipstick rapidly and reliably detects DOACs in urine samples from patients with acute stroke and TIA.

Indexed as

Drug MonitoringFactor Xa InhibitorsIschemic Attack, TransientPoint-of-Care TestingReagent StripsStrokeUrinalysisAdministration, OralAgedAged, 80 and overBiomarkersFeasibility StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedBiomarkersFactor Xa InhibitorsReagent StripsDirect oral anticoagulant-dipstickDirect oral anticoagulantsPoint-of-care testingStrokeTransient ischaemic attack

Identifiers

PMID42263055
PMCPMC13436942

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.