Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42262690›Full record

Observational studyInternational journal of clinical oncology2026

Volume-adjusted p2PSA-derived indices for predicting prostate cancer: the PROPHET study.

Masaki Shiota, Yoshitaka Sekine, Shoji Tokunaga, Akira Yokomizo, Kazuto Ito, Gaku Arai, Mikio Sugimoto, Hiroki Kito, Hisashi Hasumi, Hideki Sakai and 7 more

Abstract readMulticenter StudyObservational Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in International journal of clinical oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Masaki ShiotaDepartment of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan. shiota.masaki.101@m.kyushu-u.ac.jp.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3306-4858
Yoshitaka SekineDepartment of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan.
Shoji TokunagaClinical Therapeutic Trial Center, Ehime University Hospital, Toon, Japan.
Akira YokomizoDepartment of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
Kazuto ItoDepartment of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan.
Gaku AraiDepartment of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Koshigaya, Japan.
Mikio SugimotoDepartment of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan.
Hiroki KitoJCHO Tokyo Shinjuku Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.
Hisashi HasumiDepartment of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan.
Hideki SakaiDepartment of Urology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
Yoshitomo KoboriDepartment of Urology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Koshigaya, Japan.
Takuma KatoDepartment of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan.
Takako NakadaJCHO Tokyo Shinjuku Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.
Yusuke ItoDepartment of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan.
Tomoaki HakariyaDepartment of Urology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
Masatoshi EtoDepartment of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
Kazuhiro SuzukiDepartment of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis study aimed to assess the diagnostic value of prostate and transition zone (TZ) volume-adjusted p2PSA-derived indices for detecting any and clinically significant prostate cancer (PCa) in the prospective multicenter PROPHET study.

methodsAmong 363 men (median age 68 years, PSA 5.96 ng/mL), total PSA, free PSA, and p2PSA were measured to calculate %p2PSA, p2PSA/%fPSA, and the Prostate Health Index (PHI). Each index was adjusted by prostate or TZ volume. Diagnostic accuracy for any PCa and clinically significant PCa (csPCa) was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), partial AUC (> 90% sensitivity), specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and false-positive rate.

resultsPCa was detected in 179 men (49.3%). For predicting any PCa, PHI density and TZ volume-adjusted PHI showed AUCs of 0.797 and 0.788 with false-positive rates of 50.5%. For csPCa defined as > 2 positive cores or Gleason Grade Group ≥ 2-3, AUCs were 0.807-0.823 and false-positive rates 42.0-47.5%. Both indices enabled biopsy avoidance in 49-58% of men without csPCa while maintaining 90% sensitivity. The diagnostic performance of PHI density and TZ volume-adjusted PHI was statistically superior to PSA density and TZ volume-adjusted PSA, demonstrating improved discriminative ability at key clinical thresholds.

conclusionVolume-adjusted p2PSA-derived indices demonstrated improved diagnostic performance and may reduce unnecessary biopsies. Their validation in a PHI-independent prospective design supports robust clinical applicability.

Indexed as

ProstateProstate-Specific AntigenProstatic NeoplasmsAgedHumansMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasm GradingProspective StudiesROC CurveProstate-Specific AntigenDiagnostic performancep2PSAProstate cancerProstate health index (PHI)Volume adjustment

Identifiers

PMID42262690

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.