ArticleCNS spectrums2026
Nephroprotective effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists in patients receiving lithium treatment: a multinational cohort study using the TriNetX network.
Article in CNS spectrums, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- SGLT2 inhibitors versus GLP-1 receptor agonists and risk of kidney replacement therapy and healthcare utilization in bipolar disorder with chronic kidney disease: An active-comparator, new-user cohort study.Journal of affective disorders · 2026Article
- GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Risk of Kidney Replacement Therapy and Health Care Utilization in Bipolar Disorder With Chronic Kidney Disease.The Journal of clinical psychiatry · 2026Article
- Lithium Toxicity Following Initiation of Semaglutide in a Patient With Bipolar Disorder: A Case Report.Cureus · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundUse of GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) is an established therapy that delays progression of chronic kidney disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but their impact on lithium-associated nephrotoxicity is unclear. We evaluated whether GLP-1 RA use is associated with reduced renal risk in adults receiving long-term lithium therapy.
methodsWe conducted a retrospective, propensity score-matched cohort study using TriNetX electronic health records (>127 million patients across 109 healthcare organizations). Adults (≥18 years) with T2DM and lithium exposure within 2 years prior to index were included. The primary outcome was renal nephrotoxicity, defined as a composite of ICD-10 and CPT-coded renal disease. Incidence and time-to-event outcomes were assessed using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazards models.
resultsIn a 24-month analysis of 452 matched patient pairs, GLP-1 RA initiation during lithium therapy was associated with a marked reduction in renal events versus lithium alone (23.5% vs 44.7%), corresponding to a risk difference of -21.2% (95% CI -36.9 to -5.5) and a risk ratio of 0.53 (95% CI 0.30-0.91; p = 0.013). Event-free survival was higher (62.5% vs 43.4%; log-rank p = 0.0115), with a hazard ratio of 0.45 (95% CI 0.23-0.85; p = 0.0089). This represents a 47% relative risk reduction and a number needed to treat (NNT) of 5 over 24 months.
conclusionThese findings support further mechanistic and prospective studies of GLP-1 RAs as a renoprotective strategy for patients receiving lithium treatment.
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