Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42261335›Full record

ArticleOxford open immunology2026

A new patient-led approach to building research infrastructure and evidence generation.

Oonagh Cousins, Harry Leeming, David Putrino, Janna Gordon

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Oxford open immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Oonagh CousinsVisible Health Inc, 251 Little Falls Drive, Wilmington, DE, 19808, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9410-7796
Harry LeemingVisible Health Inc, 251 Little Falls Drive, Wilmington, DE, 19808, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7276-4288
David PutrinoCohen Center for Recovery from Complex Chronic Illness, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2232-3324
Janna GordonVisible Health Inc, 251 Little Falls Drive, Wilmington, DE, 19808, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0857-0940

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Over recent decades, patient and public involvement (PPI) has become a more established element of health research policy, although its implementation is often criticized for tokenism and for underrepresenting marginalized groups. In fields such as complex chronic illness (CCI), where formal research activity has historically been limited, conventional PPI frameworks have had little scope for meaningful application. Within this context, a new wave of patient-led initiatives has emerged that moves beyond participation in existing systems toward the creation of independent infrastructures for knowledge generation, extending the principle of "nothing about us, without us." This commentary examines Visible, a patient-founded health technology platform that combines daily energy-management tools with research infrastructure for CCIs. This infrastructure enables in-house data analyses and external collaborations, including app-based data studies, investigator-led research, and integration within clinical trials. We explore the advantages of this dual-purpose model, including greater inclusivity, sustained engagement, and richer longitudinal data. We also describe how embedding research functions within tools that patients find directly useful allows evidence generation and patient support to be mutually reinforcing.

Indexed as

digital healthlong CovidMyalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS)patient and public involvement (PPI)patient-led researchresearch infrastructure

Identifiers

PMID42261335
PMCPMC13242947

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.