Exploration and optimization of a respiratory outpatient triage model during the X disease epidemic: A retrospective observational study.

Preexamination triage is the critical first line of defense in outpatient settings. During epidemics like the X disease outbreak, traditional models often fail, and inaccurate triage leads to unfavorable patient outcomes and infection risks. This study aims to address the lack of specific, optimized triage workflows for respiratory epidemics. A retrospective observational study was conducted during the "Harmonious Mission-2022" deployment. An optimized 3-tier triage system - Entrance Security Check, Antigen Testing Area, and Preexamination Triage Area - integrated with a 3-level severity classification was implemented. Primary outcomes were triage efficiency, defined as mean daily patient throughput, and triage accuracy, defined as concordance between initial triage assessment and final diagnosis or disposition. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, and operational constraints were identified through structured observational checklists. The optimized model processed a mean daily volume of 550.43 (standard deviation ± 284.13) individuals and achieved a triage accuracy rate of 98.3%. Key limiting factors included language barriers and environmental noise, which were addressed through standardized protocols and functional zoning. The structured 3-tier model demonstrated high operational efficiency and diagnostic concordance during the epidemic surge. These findings support the potential value of tiered task separation in strengthening preparedness for future respiratory outbreaks.