ArticleBiomarker research2026
PD-1
Article in Biomarker research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- For Advanced Oesophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma, PD-1 Antibody Combined with Chemotherapy Improves Progression-Free Survival Compared with Monotherapy or Chemotherapy Alone as First-Line Treatment: A Retrospective Study with Prognostic Biomarker Analysis.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Only a subset of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) benefits from first-line immunochemotherapy, and PD-L1 alone has limited predictive value, underscoring the need for complementary biomarkers. We analyzed pretreatment FFPE biopsies from 147 ESCC patients treated with PD-1 inhibitors plus chemotherapy using multiplex immunofluorescence (CD4, CD8, CD20, CD68, PD-1, PD-L1, DAPI). PFS and OS were assessed by Kaplan-Meier and Cox models; cut-offs were derived by ROC/Youden analyses. With a median follow-up of 32.2 months, median PFS and OS were 6.7 and 17.0 months. PD-L1 was predominantly expressed on tumor cells, whereas PD-1 was localized mainly to tumor-infiltrating immune cells. In multivariable analysis, high PD-L1 expression independently associated with longer PFS (HR 0.210, 95%CI: 0.060-0.731; p = 0.014), whereas high PD-1
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.