Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42258047›Full record

ReviewCurrent reviews in musculoskeletal medicine2026

Rehabilitation Protocols Following Patellar Instability Surgery: A Structured Review of Published Recommendations and AI Generated Guidance.

Matias Vidra, Jonathan Sigal, Ilan Y Mitchnik, Oscar Carvajal Masis, Netanel Krugliak, Gil Rachevsky, Ran Atzmon, Ron Gilat

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Current reviews in musculoskeletal medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Matias VidraSports Injuries Division and Joint Preservation Center, Tel Aviv Sourasky University Medical Center (Ichilov), Tel Aviv, Israel.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5087-4783
Jonathan SigalFaculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel.
Ilan Y MitchnikGray Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8025-5964
Oscar Carvajal MasisTrinity School of Medicine, Georgia, USA.
Netanel KrugliakBrigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Gil RachevskySports Injuries Division and Joint Preservation Center, Tel Aviv Sourasky University Medical Center (Ichilov), Tel Aviv, Israel.
Ran AtzmonFaculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva, Israel.
Ron GilatSports Injuries Division and Joint Preservation Center, Tel Aviv Sourasky University Medical Center (Ichilov), Tel Aviv, Israel. ron.gilat@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9283-1439

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purpose of reviewTo review postoperative rehabilitation protocols after surgery for patellar instability, including medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction (MPFLR), tibial tubercle osteotomy (TTO), trochleoplasty, and combined procedures. A secondary aim was to compare published recommendations with guidance generated by selected artificial intelligence (AI) platforms. RECENT

findingsSixty three protocol entries were included: 35 isolated MPFLR, 9 isolated TTO, 4 isolated trochleoplasty, and 15 combined procedures. Isolated MPFLR showed the most consistent rehabilitation pattern, favoring immediate weight bearing as tolerated (66%, p < 0.001), locked bracing for up to 6 weeks (63%, p < 0.001), and full ROM by 6 to 12 weeks (51%, p = 0.002). Isolated TTO protocols recommended delayed or non weight bearing (56%), locked brace duration greater than 6 weeks (67%), and full ROM by 6 to 12 weeks (44%), with no significant predominance (all p > 0.05). Trochleoplasty protocols were too few and heterogeneous. Combined procedures were mostly protective but variable overall. RTS criteria were mostly time, functional, and strength based (76%-89%), whereas psychological readiness (43%) and physician approval (22%) were infrequent. AI generated protocols broadly reproduced MPFLR rehabilitation principles but lacked procedure specific differentiation. Rehabilitation protocols following patellar instability surgery remain highly variable, particularly for non MPFLR procedures. Isolated MPFLR protocols generally follow a more structured and accelerated pathway, whereas rehabilitation after TTO, trochleoplasty, and combined procedures remains less clearly defined and more protective. RTS decisions rely mainly on time, strength, and functional based criteria, whereas psychological readiness remains underutilized. AI based tools may serve as supportive decision making aids but currently require integration with clinical judgment and procedure-specific expertise.

Indexed as

Artificial intelligenceMedial patellofemoral ligament reconstructionPatellar instabilityRehabilitationReturn to sportTibial tubercle osteotomyTrochleoplasty

Identifiers

PMID42258047
PMCPMC13247021

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.